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Relative Effects of the Somatomedins, Multiplication-Stimulating Activity, and Growth Hormone on Myoblasts and Myotubes in Culture^*

Biology Department, Syracuse University Syracuse, New York 13210

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Daina Z. Ewton, Biology Department, Syracuse University, 108 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13210.

Abstract

Responses of muscle cells in culture to somatomedins A and B (SM–A and SM-B), Temin's multiplicationstimulating activity (MSA), and a number of GH preparations from various species have been determined at both the myoblast and myotube stages of differentiation. Proliferation and amino acid (AIB) uptake by myoblasts as well as AIB uptake by myotubes were equally responsive to SM-A and MSA, demonstrating that MSA serves as a useful surrogatefor SM-A in studies on muscle cells. SM-B exhibited no activity in either system, and it did not enhance the actions of SM-A. A number of GH preparations were inactive in muscle cell cultures from various sources, but bovine GH stimulated AIB uptake in myotubes. Both the magnitude of the response and the sensitivity of myotubes to bovine GH increased with time after differentiation of the cells in vitro, but conditions could not be found to demonstrate an effect of GH at or near physiological levels of the hormone. On the basis of our observations and published studies on the effects of GH on isolated muscles, we suggest that the early growth of muscle is stimulated primarily by the somatomedins, and that a direct response to GH develops relatively late after the differentiation of skeletal muscle. (Endocrinology 106: 577, 1980)

Footnotes

^* This work was supported by Grants HL-11551 and AG-00629 from the NIH and a grant from the Muscular Dystrophy Association.

Received March 1, 1979.

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