Endocrinology, Vol 109, 1168-1175, Copyright © 1981 by Endocrine Society

ARTICLES

Mineralocorticoid and hypertensive effects of 19-nor-progesterone

CE Hall, CE Gomez-Sanchez, S Hungerford and EP Gomez-Sanchez

The mineralocorticoid potency of 19-nor-progesterone was evaluated by both its effect on electrolyte excretion in adrenalectomized animals and its ability to cause hypertension and electrolyte changes in mononephrectomized, salt-loaded rats. The mineralocorticoid activity, measured using an adrenalectomized rat bioassay, indicated that 19-nor- progesterone was 2.5% as potent as aldosterone but did not antagonize the effect of aldosterone when both were administered. In mononephrectomized rats, the daily administration of 1 mg/day quickly caused an enhanced consumption of 1% saline and induced severe hypertension within 3-4 weeks. Some severely hypertensive animals had marked anemia, but other did not; as a group they were found to have hypernatremia and hypokalemia. Hypertensive animals were found during life to display a relative hypothermia and, at necropsy, to have heart and kidney enlargement with severe and extensive vascular lesions in both organs, but not adrenal hypertrophy. It is concluded that 19-nor- progesterone has the characteristics of a potent mineralocorticoid and, as such, is capable of causing hypertension. It is not yet clear why this should be accompanied by hypothermia.