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Thyroid Hormones Enhance the Synthesis and Secretion of -Lactalbumin by Mouse Mammary Tissue in Vitro^*

Laboratory of Pathophysiology, National Cancer Institute Bethesda, Maryland 20205

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Barbara K. Vonderhaar, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 5B56, Bethesda, Maryland 20205.

Abstract

The syntheses and secretion of casein and -lactalbumin were examined in organ culture of midpregnancy mouse mammary glands using serum-free medium supplemented with various combinations of insulin, hydrocortisone, PRL, and L-T₃. Using highly specific antibodies raised against mouse caseins and -lactalbumin, we demonstrate a selective enhancement of -lactalbumin and lactose synthesis and secretion when all four hormones are present in the culture medium. Production of casein was not modified by the presence of L-T₃. Hydrocortisone at concentrations of 10^–9–10^–6 M inhibited the secretion of both casein and -lactalbumin into the culture medium. The addition of L-T₃ to the medium selectively overcame the inhibition of -lactalbumin secretion by hydrocortisone. Extracts of tissue cultured in the presence of L-T₃ contained two distinct forms of -lactalbumin, as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In the absence of L-T₃, synthesis of a single form of -lactalbumin prevailed. In the culture medium, predominantly one form of -lactalbumin was detected regardless of the presence of L-T₃ during culture. These data clearly indicate that thyroid hormones play an important regulatory role in functional differentiation of the mouse mammary gland. (Endocrinology 115: 1070–1077, 1984)

Footnotes

^* A preliminary report of this work was presented at the 21st Annual Meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology, Anaheim, CA, Nov. 9-13,1981.

Received June 9, 1983.

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