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A Comparative Study of Disaggregated Chick and Rat Osteoclasts in Vitro: Effects of Calcitonin and Prostaglandins^*

TIMOTHY R. ARNETT and DAVID W. DEMPSTER

Regional Bone Center, Helen Hayes Hospital West Haver straw, New York 10993
the Department of Pathology, Columbia University New York, New York 10032

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. D. W. Dempster, Regional Bone Center, Helen Hayes Hospital, Route 9W, West Haverstraw, New York 10993.

Abstract

Disaggregated chick osteoclasts sedimented onto bovine cortical bone slices excavate deep and sharply defined resorption lacunae that stain intensely with toluidine blue. We have used this observation to develop a simple light microscopic method for quantifying the bone resorptive activity of chick osteoclasts in vitro. Using this technique, we have found that disaggregated chick osteoclasts are strikingly less sensitive than rat osteoclasts to salmon calcitonin (sCT).

Bone resorption by rat osteoclasts was completely abolished by synthetic sCT at a concentration of 10 pg/ml. In contrast, sCT at concentrations up to 100 µg/ml did not significantly inhibit bone resorption by chick osteoclasts. Bone resorption by chick osteoclasts could, however, be inhibited by prostaglandin E2 at concentrations of 10^-6 M or more. In time-lapse video experiments, the motility of rat osteoclasts was rapidly inhibited by sCT (5–50 pg/ml), prostaglandins I2 and E2 (10^-4 M), and Bu₂cAMP (2.5 x 10^-4 M), whereas chick osteoclasts failed to show such a response.

These findings suggest that CT does not play an important role in the regulation of osteoclastic activity in the chick and may explain why injection of the hormone has generally not been found to evoke an acute hypocalcemic response in. birds. This fundamental difference in response to CT may limit the utility of chick osteoclast systems as models of mammalian bone resorption (Endocrinology 120: 602–608,1987)

Footnotes

^* This work was supported in part by the Citizens’ Advisory Council of Helen Hayes Hospital.

Present address: Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University College, London, Gower Street, London WClE 6BT, United Kingdom.

Received July 9, 1986.

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