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Human Growth Hormone Enhances Chondrogenesis and Osteogenesis in a Tissue Culture System of Chondroprogenitor Cells^*

Laboratory for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Medicine Haifa, Israel
the Department of Pharmacology; Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences Haifa, Israel
Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; and the Department of Pediatrics, Rambam Medical Center Haifa, Israel
the Laboratory for Connective Tissue Research, Max-Planck Institute, University of Erlangen-Nurnberg Erlangen, West Germany
the Department of Medical and Physiological Chemistry, University of Lund Lund, Sweden

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. M. Silbermann, Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, P.O. 9649, 31096 Haifa, Israel.

Abstract

GH is a systemic promoter of skeletal growth which increases the synthesis of insulin-like growth factor I in parenchymal tissues as well as in peripheral tissues such as the liver and growing cartilage. The present study was designed to examine whether GH possesses a direct effect on cellular proliferation and differentiation in mouse condylar cartilage. Cartilage progenitor cells were cultured in the form of a tissue culture on top of collagen sponges in medium containing 10% fetal calf serum and were treated with 50 ng/ml GH for 6 days.Three day incubation with GH caused a marked increase in DNA synthesis and in the size of the culture, which developed into a nodule of differentiated chondrocytes and a well developed perichondrial layer around it. The effect of GH was even more pronounced after 6 days in culture; at which time a distinct network of trabeculae was noted throughout the extracellular matrix. The trabeculae contained osteocyte-like cells and were in close contact with both osteoblast-like and osteoclast-like cells. Using antibodies against bone-specific antigens, i.e. osteocalcin and osteopontin, provided further support for the notion that the newly formed trabecular formation was comprised of bone matrical components. Untreated control cultures lacked such structures, but contained hyaline-like cartilage. It, therefore, seems reasonable to suggest that GH induces a strong stimulatory effect on progenitor cell proliferation, cartilage differentiation, and extracellular mineralization, which supports de novo bone formation in vitro.

Footnotes

^* This work was supported in part by a Nordisk Research Grant for the study of growth.

Received March 29, 1989.

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