| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy and Physiology, University North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Madhabananda Sar, Ph.D., Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of North Carolina, 526 Taylor Hall, CB 7090, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599.
Abstract
The intracellular localization of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) was studied in male rat brain, pituitary, liver, and thymus. Two new polyclonal anti-GR antibodies, GR 57 and GR 59, raised against two synthetic peptides (346–357 and 245–259) that correspond to unique regions of the amino-terminus of human GR were used. Vibratome sections (30–50 fim) of perfused brain and frozen sections (6–8 µm) of pituitary, liver, and thymus fixed in paraformaldehyde were incubated in preimmune serum, immunoserum, epitope-purified immunoserum, or peptide-absorbed immunoserum of either GR 57 or GR 59 and immunostained by the avidin-biotin peroxidase method. GR immunoreactivity (GR-ir) was primarily nuclear in brain, pituitary, liver, and thymus sections from intact rats. Adrenalectomy caused nuclear GR-ir to decrease and cytoplasmic GR-ir to increase. When adrenalectomized rats were treated with corticosterone (100 µg and 1 µg) or dexamethasone (1 µg. 100 µmg, and 1 mg), GR-ir was again predominantly nuclear. One microgram of corticosterone failed to cause nuclear GR-ir when administered to adrenalectomized rats.
Immunoreactive neurons and glial cells were extensively distributed, with varied intensity, throughout the rat forebrain. The areas include cortex, septum, hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, and hypothalamus. Cells with the strongest GR-ir were located in the caudate putamen, paraventricular, arcuate, and central amygdala nuclei, areas CA1-CA2 of the hippocampus, and laminae 4 and 5 of the cortex. In the pituitary, cells of the anterior and posterior lobes were GR immunoreactive, while those in the intermediate lobe were not. Hepatocytes of the liver and thymocytes and reticuloepithelial cells of the thymus were GR immunoreactive. The results show that GR can be localized immunocytochemically in numerous rat tissues using antipeptide polyclonal antibodies and correlated with the results of biochemical and ligand receptor studies. (Endocrinology 129: 3064–3072, 1991)
Footnotes
* This work was supported by NIH Grant NS-17479 and P30-HD- 18968 (Histochemistry Core).
Received July 8, 1991.
This article has been cited by other articles:
![]() |
M. M. Khan, M. Hadman, C. Wakade, L. M. De Sevilla, K. M. Dhandapani, V. B. Mahesh, R. K. Vadlamudi, and D. W. Brann Cloning, Expression, and Localization of MNAR/PELP1 in Rodent Brain: Colocalization in Estrogen Receptor-{alpha}- But Not in Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone-Positive Neurons Endocrinology, December 1, 2005; 146(12): 5215 - 5227. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Yamashita and Y. Okada Application of Heat-induced Antigen Retrieval to Aldehyde-fixed Fresh Frozen Sections J. Histochem. Cytochem., November 1, 2005; 53(11): 1421 - 1432. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. RHEN, S. GRISSOM, C. AFSHARI, and J. A. CIDLOWSKI Dexamethasone blocks the rapid biological effects of 17{beta}-estradiol in the rat uterus without antagonizing its global genomic actions FASEB J, October 1, 2003; 17(13): 1849 - 1870. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
X.-Y. Lu, K.-R. Shieh, M. Kabbaj, G. S. Barsh, H. Akil, and S. J. Watson Diurnal Rhythm of Agouti-Related Protein and Its Relation to Corticosterone and Food Intake Endocrinology, October 1, 2002; 143(10): 3905 - 3915. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. R. Yudt and J. A. Cidlowski Molecular Identification and Characterization of A and B Forms of the Glucocorticoid Receptor Mol. Endocrinol., July 1, 2001; 15(7): 1093 - 1103. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
W. Savino and M. Dardenne Neuroendocrine Control of Thymus Physiology Endocr. Rev., August 1, 2000; 21(4): 412 - 443. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. K. Tyagi, Y. Lavrovsky, S. C. Ahn, C. S. Song, B. Chatterjee, and A. K. Roy Dynamics of Intracellular Movement and Nucleocytoplasmic Recycling of the Ligand-Activated Androgen Receptor in Living Cells Mol. Endocrinol., August 1, 2000; 14(8): 1162 - 1174. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
M. M. Sanchez, L. J. Young, P. M. Plotsky, and T. R. Insel Distribution of Corticosteroid Receptors in the Rhesus Brain: Relative Absence of Glucocorticoid Receptors in the Hippocampal Formation J. Neurosci., June 15, 2000; 20(12): 4657 - 4668. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. C. Webster, C. M. Jewell, J. E. Bodwell, A. Munck, M. Sar, and J. A. Cidlowski Mouse Glucocorticoid Receptor Phosphorylation Status Influences Multiple Functions of the Receptor Protein J. Biol. Chem., April 4, 1997; 272(14): 9287 - 9293. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
N. B. E. Oldenburg, R. B. Evans-Storms, and J. A. Cidlowski In Vivo Resistance to Glucocorticoid-Induced Apoptosis in Rat Thymocytes with Normal Steroid Receptor Function in Vitro Endocrinology, February 1, 1997; 138(2): 810 - 818. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Endocrinology | Endocrine Reviews | J. Clin. End. & Metab. |
| Molecular Endocrinology | Recent Prog. Horm. Res. | All Endocrine Journals |