help button home button Endocrine Society Endocrinology
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Purchase Article
Right arrow View Shopping Cart
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Request Copyright Permission
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Parsons, J. A.
Right arrow Articles by Sorenson, R. L.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Parsons, J. A.
Right arrow Articles by Sorenson, R. L.

Endocrinology, Vol 130, 1459-1466, Copyright © 1992 by Endocrine Society

ARTICLES

Adaptation of islets of Langerhans to pregnancy: increased islet cell proliferation and insulin secretion correlates with the onset of placental lactogen secretion

JA Parsons, TC Brelje and RL Sorenson
Department of Cell Biology and Neuroanatomy, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis 55455.

To elucidate the temporal profile of adaptive changes of the islets of Langerhans to the increased insulin demands of pregnancy, we have studied islet cell proliferation and insulin secretion during gestation in the rat. 5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation into dividing islet cells was significantly (P less than 0.05) increased over age-matched controls by day 10, rose continuously to a peak at day 14, and then returned to control levels by day 18. By day 20, cell division was significantly inhibited (P less than 0.05). The pattern of changes in insulin secretory profiles observed with perfused pancreata of pregnant animals was similar to that obtained for islet cell proliferation. Both the threshold of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and the amount of above threshold insulin secretion began to diverge from controls by day 10. By day 12, the glucose-stimulation threshold was significantly decreased from 5.7 mM glucose to 3.3 mM (P less than 0.05), remained at this low level through day 15, and returned toward normal by day 20. Concomitant with the increased sensitivity of B cells to glucose, the above threshold insulin secretion was significantly increased by day 12 (P less than 0.05), peaked at day 15, and returned to control levels by day 20. This insulin secretory data demonstrates that the increased sensitivity of B cells to glucose is an important component of the adaptation of islets during pregnancy to the increased demand for insulin at physiological concentrations of plasma glucose. To correlate the above changes in islet cell proliferation and insulin secretion with levels of placental lactogen (PL), serum lactogenic hormone activity was measured by Nb2 lymphoma cell replication assays. This analysis revealed the expected biphasic pattern: a midpregnancy peak at day 12, followed by a nadir at day 14, and then continuously elevated levels until term. The bioassay data agreed with the known secretory profiles of rat (r) PL-I (midpregnancy) and rPL-II (late pregnancy). Our results provide the first systematic evaluation of changes in islet function during pregnancy in the rat. In addition, they provide evidence that rPL-I may be the critical hormonal signal which triggers the primary adaptive changes in islet function characteristic of pregnancy. The return to normal values of insulin secretion and inhibition of cell division observed at day 20 in the presence of high concentrations of rPL-II suggests that other inhibitory influences become dominant in the later stages of rat pregnancy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 DiabetesHome page
B. Z. Stanger
HNF4A and Diabetes: Injury Before Insult?
Diabetes, June 1, 2008; 57(6): 1461 - 1462.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J EndocrinolHome page
T C. Brelje, N. V Bhagroo, L. E Stout, and R. L Sorenson
Beneficial effects of lipids and prolactin on insulin secretion and {beta}-cell proliferation: a role for lipids in the adaptation of islets to pregnancy
J. Endocrinol., May 1, 2008; 197(2): 265 - 276.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
J. L. Beith, E. U. Alejandro, and J. D. Johnson
Insulin Stimulates Primary {beta}-Cell Proliferation via Raf-1 Kinase
Endocrinology, May 1, 2008; 149(5): 2251 - 2260.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ScienceHome page
S. K. Karnik, H. Chen, G. W. McLean, J. J. Heit, X. Gu, A. Y. Zhang, M. Fontaine, M. H. Yen, and S. K. Kim
Menin Controls Growth of Pancreatic {beta}-Cells in Pregnant Mice and Promotes Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Science, November 2, 2007; 318(5851): 806 - 809.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J EndocrinolHome page
G. F Anhe, T. C A Nogueira, J. E Nicoletti-Carvalho, C. Lellis-Santos, H. C Barbosa, J. Cipolla-Neto, J. R Bosqueiro, A. C Boschero, and S. Bordin
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3-regulated sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2 expression by prolactin and glucocorticoids is involved in the adaptation of insulin secretory response during the peripartum period
J. Endocrinol., October 1, 2007; 195(1): 17 - 27.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
M. P. Alcolea, I. Llado, F. J. Garcia-Palmer, and M. Gianotti
Responses of mitochondrial biogenesis and function to maternal diabetes in rat embryo during the placentation period
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, September 1, 2007; 293(3): E636 - E644.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J EndocrinolHome page
A. J Weinhaus, L. E Stout, N. V Bhagroo, T C. Brelje, and R. L Sorenson
Regulation of glucokinase in pancreatic islets by prolactin: a mechanism for increasing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion during pregnancy
J. Endocrinol., June 1, 2007; 193(3): 367 - 381.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Genes Dev.Home page
R. K. Gupta, N. Gao, R. K. Gorski, P. White, O. T. Hardy, K. Rafiq, J. E. Brestelli, G. Chen, C. J. Stoeckert Jr., and K. H. Kaestner
Expansion of adult beta-cell mass in response to increased metabolic demand is dependent on HNF-4{alpha}
Genes & Dev., April 1, 2007; 21(7): 756 - 769.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Endocrinol.Home page
H. Zhang, A. M. Ackermann, G. A. Gusarova, D. Lowe, X. Feng, U. G. Kopsombut, R. H. Costa, and M. Gannon
The FoxM1 Transcription Factor Is Required to Maintain Pancreatic {beta}-Cell Mass
Mol. Endocrinol., August 1, 2006; 20(8): 1853 - 1866.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
M. Johansson, G. Mattsson, A. Andersson, L. Jansson, and P.-O. Carlsson
Islet Endothelial Cells and Pancreatic {beta}-Cell Proliferation: Studies in Vitro and during Pregnancy in Adult Rats
Endocrinology, May 1, 2006; 147(5): 2315 - 2324.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Cell. Biol.Home page
B. L. Stiles, C. Kuralwalla-Martinez, W. Guo, C. Gregorian, Y. Wang, J. Tian, M. A. Magnuson, and H. Wu
Selective Deletion of Pten in Pancreatic {beta} Cells Leads to Increased Islet Mass and Resistance to STZ-Induced Diabetes.
Mol. Cell. Biol., April 1, 2006; 26(7): 2772 - 2781.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
J. E. Caminos, R. Nogueiras, R. Gallego, S. Bravo, S. Tovar, T. Garcia-Caballero, F. F. Casanueva, and C. Dieguez
Expression and Regulation of Adiponectin and Receptor in Human and Rat Placenta
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2005; 90(7): 4276 - 4286.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J EndocrinolHome page
M. E C Amaral, D. A Cunha, G. F Anhe, M. Ueno, E. M Carneiro, L. A Velloso, S. Bordin, and A. C Boschero
Participation of prolactin receptors and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and MAP kinase pathways in the increase in pancreatic islet mass and sensitivity to glucose during pregnancy
J. Endocrinol., December 1, 2004; 183(3): 469 - 476.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J EndocrinolHome page
H Del Zotto, M I Borelli, L Flores, M E Garcia, C L Gomez Dumm, A Chicco, Y B Lombardo, and J J Gagliardino
Islet neogenesis: an apparent key component of long-term pancreas adaptation to increased insulin demand
J. Endocrinol., November 1, 2004; 183(2): 321 - 330.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
T. C. Brelje, L. E. Stout, N. V. Bhagroo, and R. L. Sorenson
Distinctive Roles for Prolactin and Growth Hormone in the Activation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5 in Pancreatic Islets of Langerhans
Endocrinology, September 1, 2004; 145(9): 4162 - 4175.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Leukoc. Biol.Home page
L. Banaei-Bouchareb, V. Gouon-Evans, D. Samara-Boustani, M. C. Castellotti, P. Czernichow, J. W. Pollard, and M. Polak
Insulin cell mass is altered in Csf1op/Csf1op macrophage-deficient mice
J. Leukoc. Biol., August 1, 2004; 76(2): 359 - 367.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DiabetesHome page
M. C. Sugden and M. J. Holness
Potential Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{alpha} in the Modulation of Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion
Diabetes, February 1, 2004; 53(90001): S71 - 81.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
K. H. Yoon, S. H. Ko, J. H. Cho, J. M. Lee, Y. B. Ahn, K. H. Song, S. J. Yoo, M. I. Kang, B. Y. Cha, K. W. Lee, et al.
Selective {beta}-Cell Loss and {alpha}-Cell Expansion in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korea
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2003; 88(5): 2300 - 2308.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Endocrinol.Home page
B. N. Friedrichsen, H. E. Richter, J. A. Hansen, C. J. Rhodes, J. H. Nielsen, N. Billestrup, and A. Moldrup
Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5 Activation Is Sufficient to Drive Transcriptional Induction of Cyclin D2 Gene and Proliferation of Rat Pancreatic {beta}-Cells
Mol. Endocrinol., May 1, 2003; 17(5): 945 - 958.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
M. C. Sugden, G. K. Greenwood, N. D. Smith, and M. J. Holness
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{alpha} Activation during Pregnancy Attenuates Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Hypersecretion in Vivo by Increasing Insulin Sensitivity, without Impairing Pregnancy-Induced Increases in {beta}-Cell Glucose Sensing and Responsiveness
Endocrinology, January 1, 2003; 144(1): 146 - 153.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DiabetesHome page
J. Boloker, S. J. Gertz, and R. A. Simmons
Gestational Diabetes Leads to the Development of Diabetes in Adulthood in the Rat
Diabetes, May 1, 2002; 51(5): 1499 - 1506.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Histochem. Cytochem.Home page
T. C. Brelje, A. M. Svensson, L. E. Stout, N. V. Bhagroo, and R. L. Sorenson
An Immunohistochemical Approach to Monitor the Prolactin-induced Activation of the JAK2/STAT5 Pathway in Pancreatic Islets of Langerhans
J. Histochem. Cytochem., March 1, 2002; 50(3): 365 - 383.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
M. J. Holness and M. C. Sugden
Dexamethasone during Late Gestation Exacerbates Peripheral Insulin Resistance and Selectively Targets Glucose-Sensitive Functions in {beta} Cell and Liver
Endocrinology, September 1, 2001; 142(9): 3742 - 3748.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
Y. Q. Liu, P. W. Nevin, and J. L. Leahy
beta -Cell adaptation in 60% pancreatectomy rats that preserves normoinsulinemia and normoglycemia
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, July 1, 2000; 279(1): E68 - E73.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
S. Bonner-Weir
Perspective: Postnatal Pancreatic {beta} Cell Growth
Endocrinology, June 1, 2000; 141(6): 1926 - 1929.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
R. C. Vasavada, A. Garcia-Ocana, W. S. Zawalich, R. L. Sorenson, P. Dann, M. Syed, L. Ogren, F. Talamantes, and A. F. Stewart
Targeted Expression of Placental Lactogen in the Beta Cells of Transgenic Mice Results in Beta Cell Proliferation, Islet Mass Augmentation, and Hypoglycemia
J. Biol. Chem., May 12, 2000; 275(20): 15399 - 15406.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
A. J. Weinhaus, N. V. Bhagroo, T. C. Brelje, and R. L. Sorenson
Dexamethasone Counteracts the Effect of Prolactin on Islet Function: Implications for Islet Regulation in Late Pregnancy
Endocrinology, April 1, 2000; 141(4): 1384 - 1393.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
B. Blondeau, A. Garofano, P. Czernichow, and B. Bréant
Age-Dependent Inability of the Endocrine Pancreas to Adapt to Pregnancy: A Long-Term Consequence of Perinatal Malnutrition in the Rat
Endocrinology, September 1, 1999; 140(9): 4208 - 4213.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 FASEB J.Home page
C. BERNARD, M.-F. BERTHAULT, C. SAULNIER, and A. KTORZA
Neogenesis vs. apoptosis as main components of pancreatic ß cell mass changes in glucose-infused normal and mildly diabetic adult rats
FASEB J, July 1, 1999; 13(10): 1195 - 1205.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
C. Carlsson, D. Tornehave, K. Lindberg, P. Galante, N. Billestrup, B. Michelsen, L.-I. Larsson, and J. H. Nielsen
Growth Hormone and Prolactin Stimulate the Expression of Rat Preadipocyte Factor-1/{Delta}-Like Protein in Pancreatic Islets: Molecular Cloning and Expression Pattern during Development and Growth of the Endocrine Pancreas
Endocrinology, September 1, 1997; 138(9): 3940 - 3948.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
L. E. Stout, A. M. Svensson, and R. L. Sorenson
Prolactin Regulation of Islet-Derived INS-1 Cells: Characteristics and Immunocytochemical Analysis of STAT5 Translocation
Endocrinology, April 1, 1997; 138(4): 1592 - 1603.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Endocrinology Endocrine Reviews J. Clin. End. & Metab.
Molecular Endocrinology Recent Prog. Horm. Res. All Endocrine Journals
Copyright © 1992 by The Endocrine Society