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Endocrinology, Vol 135, 798-800, Copyright © 1994 by Endocrine Society

ARTICLES

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma: adipose- predominant expression and induction early in adipocyte differentiation

A Chawla, EJ Schwarz, DD Dimaculangan and MA Lazar
Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104.

Activators of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) regulate fatty acid metabolism and can induce adipocyte differentiation. We show here that the gamma subtype of PPAR is expressed at high levels in adipose tissue in contrast to a variety of other tissues, where little gene expression was noted. In addition, PPAR gamma is present at low levels in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and is induced dramatically during adipocyte conversion using either normal differentiating conditions (fetal calf serum, dexamethasone, isobutyl- methylxanthine, and insulin) or the PPAR activator, WY-14,643. Thus PPAR gamma may be important for adipose cell development and function.


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R. L. Schild, W. T. Schaiff, M. G. Carlson, E. J. Cronbach, D. M. Nelson, and Y. Sadovsky
The Activity of PPAR{gamma} in Primary Human Trophoblasts Is Enhanced by Oxidized Lipids
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2002; 87(3): 1105 - 1110.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Leukoc. Biol.Home page
R. B. Clark
The role of PPARs in inflammation and immunity
J. Leukoc. Biol., March 1, 2002; 71(3): 388 - 400.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Sci SignalHome page
S. M. Rangwala and M. A. Lazar
The Dawn of the SPPARMs?
Sci. Signal., February 26, 2002; 2002(121): pe9 - pe9.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Circ. Res.Home page
Y. Oyama, N. Akuzawa, R. Nagai, and M. Kurabayashi
PPAR{gamma} Ligand Inhibits Osteopontin Gene Expression Through Interference With Binding of Nuclear Factors to A/T-Rich Sequence in THP-1 Cells
Circ. Res., February 22, 2002; 90(3): 348 - 355.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
Z. E. Floyd and J. M. Stephens
Interferon-gamma -mediated Activation and Ubiquitin-Proteasome-dependent Degradation of PPARgamma in Adipocytes
J. Biol. Chem., February 1, 2002; 277(6): 4062 - 4068.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Genes Dev.Home page
M. A. Lazar
Becoming fat
Genes & Dev., January 1, 2002; 16(1): 1 - 5.
[Full Text] [PDF]

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 Toxicol PatholHome page
R. M. David, M. R. Moore, D. C. Finney, and D. Guest
Reversibility of the Chronic Effects of Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
Toxicol Pathol, June 1, 2001; 29(4): 430 - 439.
[Abstract] [PDF]

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 DiabetesHome page
M. Caron, M. Auclair, C. Vigouroux, M. Glorian, C. Forest, and J. Capeau
The HIV Protease Inhibitor Indinavir Impairs Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein-1 Intranuclear Localization, Inhibits Preadipocyte Differentiation, and Induces Insulin Resistance
Diabetes, June 1, 2001; 50(6): 1378 - 1388.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
K. Ohta, T. Endo, K. Haraguchi, J. M. Hershman, and T. Onaya
Ligands for Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor {{gamma}} Inhibit Growth and Induce Apoptosis of Human Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2001; 86(5): 2170 - 2177.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

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 EndocrinologyHome page
E. C. Person, L. L. Waite, R. N. Taylor, and T. S. Scanlan
Albumin Regulates Induction of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{{gamma}} (PPAR{{gamma}}) by 15-Deoxy-{{Delta}}12-14-Prostaglandin J2 in Vitro and May Be an Important Regulator of PPAR{{gamma}} Function in Vivo
Endocrinology, February 1, 2001; 142(2): 551 - 556.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
C. M. Steppan, E. J. Brown, C. M. Wright, S. Bhat, R. R. Banerjee, C. Y. Dai, G. H. Enders, D. G. Silberg, X. Wen, G. D. Wu, et al.
A family of tissue-specific resistin-like molecules
PNAS, January 16, 2001; 98(2): 502 - 506.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
W. T. Schaiff, M. G. Carlson, S. D. Smith, R. Levy, D. M. Nelson, and Y. Sadovsky
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{gamma} Modulates Differentiation of Human Trophoblast in a Ligand-Specific Manner
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., October 1, 2000; 85(10): 3874 - 3881.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

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 Cancer Res.Home page
J.-i. Hisatake, T. Ikezoe, M. Carey, S. Holden, S. Tomoyasu, and H. P. Koeffler
Down-Regulation of Prostate-specific Antigen Expression by Ligands for Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor {{gamma}} in Human Prostate Cancer
Cancer Res., October 1, 2000; 60(19): 5494 - 5498.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

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 J. Histochem. Cytochem.Home page
C. Huin, L. Corriveau, A. Bianchi, J. M. Keller, P. Collet, P. Krémarik-Bouillaud, L. Domenjoud, P. Bécuwe, H. Schohn, D. Ménard, et al.
Differential Expression of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptors (PPARs) in the Developing Human Fetal Digestive Tract
J. Histochem. Cytochem., May 1, 2000; 48(5): 603 - 612.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

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 JNCI J Natl Cancer InstHome page
R. G. Mehta, E. Williamson, M. K. Patel, and H. P. Koeffler
A Ligand of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor {gamma}, Retinoids, and Prevention of Preneoplastic Mammary Lesions
J Natl Cancer Inst, March 1, 2000; 92(5): 418 - 423.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Immunol.Home page
R. B. Clark, D. Bishop-Bailey, T. Estrada-Hernandez, T. Hla, L. Puddington, and S. J. Padula
The Nuclear Receptor PPAR{gamma} and Immunoregulation: PPAR{gamma} Mediates Inhibition of Helper T Cell Responses
J. Immunol., February 1, 2000; 164(3): 1364 - 1371.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
M. R. Sartippour and G. Renier
Differential Regulation of Macrophage Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Expression by Glucose : Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors in Lipoprotein Lipase Gene Expression
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, January 1, 2000; 20(1): 104 - 110.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Endocr. Rev.Home page
B. Desvergne and W. Wahli
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors: Nuclear Control of Metabolism
Endocr. Rev., October 1, 1999; 20(5): 649 - 688.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

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 CarcinogenesisHome page
C. E. Clay, A. M. Namen, G.-i. Atsumi, M. C. Willingham, K. P. High, T. E. Kute, A. J. Trimboli, A. N. Fonteh, P. A. Dawson, and F. H. Chilton
Influence of J series prostaglandins on apoptosis and tumorigenesis of breast cancer cells
Carcinogenesis, October 1, 1999; 20(10): 1905 - 1911.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
C. Bastie, D. Holst, D. Gaillard, C. Jehl-Pietri, and P. A. Grimaldi
Expression of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor PPARdelta Promotes Induction of PPARgamma and Adipocyte Differentiation in 3T3C2 Fibroblasts
J. Biol. Chem., July 30, 1999; 274(31): 21920 - 21925.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
M. Febbraio, N. A. Abumrad, D. P. Hajjar, K. Sharma, W. Cheng, S. F. A. Pearce, and R. L. Silverstein
A Null Mutation in Murine CD36 Reveals an Important Role in Fatty Acid and Lipoprotein Metabolism
J. Biol. Chem., July 2, 1999; 274(27): 19055 - 19062.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
C. A. Heinlein, H.-J. Ting, S. Yeh, and C. Chang
Identification of ARA70 as a Ligand-enhanced Coactivator for the Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor gamma
J. Biol. Chem., June 4, 1999; 274(23): 16147 - 16152.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 ScienceHome page
S. A. Kliewer, J. M. Lehmann, and T. M. Willson
Orphan Nuclear Receptors: Shifting Endocrinology into Reverse
Science, April 30, 1999; 284(5415): 757 - 760.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

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 EndocrinologyHome page
C. E. Robinson, X. Wu, Z. Nawaz, S. A. Onãte, and J. M. Gimble
A Corepressor and Chicken Ovalbumin Upstream Promoter Transcriptional Factor Proteins Modulate Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{gamma}2/Retinoid X Receptor {alpha}-Activated Transcription from the Murine Lipoprotein Lipase Promoter
Endocrinology, April 1, 1999; 140(4): 1586 - 1593.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

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 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
Y.-T. Zhou, Z.-W. Wang, M. Higa, C. B. Newgard, and R. H. Unger
Reversing adipocyte differentiation: Implications for treatment of obesity
PNAS, March 2, 1999; 96(5): 2391 - 2395.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
B. I. Frohnert, T. Y. Hui, and D. A. Bernlohr
Identification of a Functional Peroxisome Proliferator-responsive Element in the Murine Fatty Acid Transport Protein Gene
J. Biol. Chem., February 12, 1999; 274(7): 3970 - 3977.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
J. B. Hansen, R. K. Petersen, B. M. Larsen, J. Bartkova, J. Alsner, and K. Kristiansen
Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor gamma  Bypasses the Function of the Retinoblastoma Protein in Adipocyte Differentiation
J. Biol. Chem., January 22, 1999; 274(4): 2386 - 2393.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Cell Sci.Home page
J Gros, C. Gerhardt, and A. Strosberg
Expression of human (beta)3-adrenergic receptor induces adipocyte-like features in CHO/K1 fibroblasts
J. Cell Sci., January 11, 1999; 112(21): 3791 - 3797.
[Abstract] [PDF]

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 EndocrinologyHome page
H. S. Camp, S. R. Tafuri, and T. Leff
c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Phosphorylates Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{gamma}1 and Negatively Regulates Its Transcriptional Activity
Endocrinology, January 1, 1999; 140(1): 392 - 397.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

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 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
V. Ribon, J. H. Johnson, H. S. Camp, and A. R. Saltiel
Thiazolidinediones and insulin resistance: Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma  activation stimulates expression of the CAP gene
PNAS, December 8, 1998; 95(25): 14751 - 14756.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
M. J. Reginato, S. T. Bailey, S. L. Krakow, C. Minami, S. Ishii, H. Tanaka, and M. A. Lazar
A Potent Antidiabetic Thiazolidinedione with Unique Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor gamma -activating Properties
J. Biol. Chem., December 4, 1998; 273(49): 32679 - 32684.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
H. Ma, H. W. Sprecher, and P. E. Kolattukudy
Estrogen-induced Production of a Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor (PPAR) Ligand in a PPARgamma -expressing Tissue
J. Biol. Chem., November 13, 1998; 273(46): 30131 - 30138.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Genes Dev.Home page
B. Blumberg and R. M. Evans
Orphan nuclear receptors---new ligands and new possibilities
Genes & Dev., October 15, 1998; 12(20): 3149 - 3155.
[Full Text]

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 J. Lipid Res.Home page
R. A. Baillie, X. Sha, P. Thuillier, and S. D. Clarke
A novel 3T3-L1 preadipocyte variant that expresses PPAR{gamma}2 and RXR{alpha} but does not undergo differentiation
J. Lipid Res., October 1, 1998; 39(10): 2048 - 2053.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

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 Mol. Endocrinol.Home page
L. H. Hansen, B. Madsen, B. Teisner, J. H. Nielsen, and N. Billestrup
Characterization of the Inhibitory Effect of Growth Hormone on Primary Preadipocyte Differentiation
Mol. Endocrinol., August 1, 1998; 12(8): 1140 - 1149.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

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 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
E. Elstner, C. Muller, K. Koshizuka, E. A. Williamson, D. Park, H. Asou, P. Shintaku, J. W. Said, D. Heber, and H. P. Koeffler
Ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorgamma and retinoic acid receptor inhibit growth and induce apoptosis of human breast cancer cells in vitro and in BNX mice
PNAS, July 21, 1998; 95(15): 8806 - 8811.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
M. Ricote, J. Huang, L. Fajas, A. Li, J. Welch, J. Najib, J. L. Witztum, J. Auwerx, W. Palinski, and C. K. Glass
Expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma  (PPARgamma ) in human atherosclerosis and regulation in macrophages by colony stimulating factors and oxidized low density lipoprotein
PNAS, June 23, 1998; 95(13): 7614 - 7619.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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