help button home button Endocrine Society Endocrinology
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Request Copyright Permission
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Jamieson, P. M.
Right arrow Articles by Seckl, J. R.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Jamieson, P. M.
Right arrow Articles by Seckl, J. R.

Endocrinology, Vol 136, 4754-4761, Copyright © 1995 by Endocrine Society

ARTICLES

11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase is an exclusive 11 beta- reductase in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes: effect of physicochemical and hormonal manipulations

PM Jamieson, KE Chapman, CR Edwards and JR Seckl
University of Edinburgh, Department of Medicine, Western General Hospital, Scotland.

11 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 beta HSD) catalyzes the conversion of corticosterone to inert 11-dehydrocorticosterone, thus regulating glucocorticoid access to intracellular receptors. This type 1 isoform (11 beta HSD-1) is a bidirectional NADPH(H)-dependent enzyme in vitro and is highly expressed in liver, where it is regulated by glucocorticoids, thyroid hormones, estrogen, and GH in vivo. In humans in vivo, enzyme inhibition alters glucose homeostasis, an effect thought to be mediated in the liver. However, detailed investigation of the biology of 11 beta HSD-1 in liver, its function, regulation, and indeed even reaction direction, has been hampered by the lack of clonal hepatic cell lines that express 11 beta HSR-1. Studies of nonhepatic cell lines have suggested that 11 beta HSD-1 is directly regulated by hormones, and transfection of nonhepatic cell lines has sown that reaction direction varies between cell types, possibly reflecting intracellular cosubstrate (NADP+/NADPH) ratios or PH. To investigate reaction direction and gene regulation of 11 beta HSD-1 in hepatocytes, we defined conditions for primary culture of adult rat hepatocytes that maintain high 11 beta HSR-1 messenger RNA expression. In intact primary hepatocytes over a wide range of steroid concentrations (2.5-250 nM), 11 beta-reduction was the predominant reaction direction [33.5 +/- 0.5% conversion of 11-dehydrocorticosterone (25 nM) to corticosterone after 30 min], with undetectable 11 beta-dehydrogenation. However, homogenates of hepatocyte cultures showed plentiful 11 beta- dehydrogenase activity. Treatment of hepatocyte cultures with the metabolic inhibitors sodium azide (5 nM) and KCN (1 nM) altered cellular NADP+/NADPH ratios from 0.244 +/- 0.042 in controls to 0.020 +/- 0.001 and 0.152 +/- 0.009, respectively, but had no effect on 11 beta-reductase or 11 beta- dehydrogenase activity. High concentrations of KCN (10 mM) modestly increased 11 beta-reductase activity (32.4 +/- 1.7% to 48.8 +/- 0.5%, whereas 11 beta-dehydrogenation remained at the limit of detection. Manipulation of culture medium pH (6.2-8.0) had no effect on enzyme activity. Dexamethasone (10-7 M) induced hepatocyte 11 beta-reductase activity from 23.4 +/- 0.7% to only weakly affects reaction direction. Glucocorticoid and insulin regulation of hepatic 11 beta HSD-1 is directly mediated, but other hormonal controls are either lost in culture or mediated indirectly. This primary hepatocyte culture system will allow investigation of the control of 11 beta-reductase activity and its implications for glucocorticoid-regulated hepatic functions.


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 J EndocrinolHome page
D. E W Livingstone, S. L Grassick, G. L Currie, B. R Walker, and R. Andrew
Dysregulation of glucocorticoid metabolism in murine obesity: comparable effects of leptin resistance and deficiency
J. Endocrinol., May 1, 2009; 201(2): 211 - 218.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DiabetesHome page
R. Basu, A. Basu, M. Grudzien, P. Jung, P. Jacobson, M. Johnson, R. Singh, M. Sarr, and R. A. Rizza
Liver Is the Site of Splanchnic Cortisol Production in Obese Nondiabetic Humans
Diabetes, January 1, 2009; 58(1): 39 - 45.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Endocrinol.Home page
S. Sai, C. L. Esteves, V. Kelly, Z. Michailidou, K. Anderson, A. P. Coll, Y. Nakagawa, T. Ohzeki, J. R. Seckl, and K. E. Chapman
Glucocorticoid Regulation of the Promoter of 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Is Indirect and Requires CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Protein-{beta}
Mol. Endocrinol., September 1, 2008; 22(9): 2049 - 2060.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Mol EndocrinolHome page
Y. Liu, Y. Nakagawa, Y. Wang, L. Liu, H. Du, W. Wang, X. Ren, K. Lutfy, and T. C Friedman
Reduction of hepatic glucocorticoid receptor and hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase expression ameliorates diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice
J. Mol. Endocrinol., August 1, 2008; 41(2): 53 - 64.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
A. Balachandran, H. Guan, M. Sellan, S. van Uum, and K. Yang
Insulin and Dexamethasone Dynamically Regulate Adipocyte 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1
Endocrinology, August 1, 2008; 149(8): 4069 - 4079.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
I. J. Bujalska, K. N. Hewitt, D. Hauton, G. G. Lavery, J. W. Tomlinson, E. A. Walker, and P. M. Stewart
Lack of Hexose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Impairs Lipid Mobilization from Mouse Adipose Tissue
Endocrinology, May 1, 2008; 149(5): 2584 - 2591.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
R. A. De Sousa Peixoto, S. Turban, J. H. Battle, K. E. Chapman, J. R. Seckl, and N. M. Morton
Preadipocyte 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Is a Keto-Reductase and Contributes to Diet-Induced Visceral Obesity in Vivo
Endocrinology, April 1, 2008; 149(4): 1861 - 1868.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Physiol. GenomicsHome page
Y. Liu, F. Park, J. L. Pietrusz, G. Jia, R. J. Singh, B. C. Netzel, and M. Liang
Suppression of 11{beta}-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 with RNA interference substantially attenuates 3T3-L1 adipogenesis
Physiol Genomics, February 19, 2008; 32(3): 343 - 351.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Nutr.Home page
E. London, G. Lala, R. Berger, A. Panzenbeck, A. A. Kohli, M. Renner, A. Jackson, T. Raynor, K. Loya, and T. W. Castonguay
Sucrose Access Differentially Modifies 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase-1 and Hexose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Message in Liver and Adipose Tissue in Rats
J. Nutr., December 1, 2007; 137(12): 2616 - 2621.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
R. H. Stimson, A. M. Johnstone, N. Z. M. Homer, D. J. Wake, N. M. Morton, R. Andrew, G. E. Lobley, and B. R. Walker
Dietary Macronutrient Content Alters Cortisol Metabolism Independently of Body Weight Changes in Obese Men
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2007; 92(11): 4480 - 4484.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J EndocrinolHome page
Z. Michailidou, A. P Coll, C. J Kenyon, N. M Morton, S. O'Rahilly, J. R Seckl, and K. E Chapman
Peripheral mechanisms contributing to the glucocorticoid hypersensitivity in proopiomelanocortin null mice treated with corticosterone
J. Endocrinol., July 1, 2007; 194(1): 161 - 170.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ReproductionHome page
N. Sunak, D. F Green, L. R Abeydeera, L. M Thurston, and A. E Michael
Implication of cortisol and 11{beta}-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzymes in the development of porcine (Sus scrofa domestica) ovarian follicles and cysts
Reproduction, June 1, 2007; 133(6): 1149 - 1158.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
D. Qi and B. Rodrigues
Glucocorticoids produce whole body insulin resistance with changes in cardiac metabolism
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, March 1, 2007; 292(3): E654 - E667.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
Y. Liu, C. Yan, Y. Wang, Y. Nakagawa, N. Nerio, A. Anghel, K. Lutfy, and T. C. Friedman
Liver X Receptor Agonist T0901317 Inhibition of Glucocorticoid Receptor Expression in Hepatocytes May Contribute to the Amelioration of Diabetic Syndrome in db/db Mice
Endocrinology, November 1, 2006; 147(11): 5061 - 5068.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Mol EndocrinolHome page
I J Bujalska, M Quinkler, J W Tomlinson, C T Montague, D M Smith, and P M Stewart
Expression profiling of 11{beta}-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type-1 and glucocorticoid-target genes in subcutaneous and omental human preadipocytes.
J. Mol. Endocrinol., October 1, 2006; 37(2): 327 - 340.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
V. S. Densmore, N. M. Morton, J. J. Mullins, and J. R. Seckl
11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Induction in the Arcuate Nucleus by High-Fat Feeding: A Novel Constraint to Hyperphagia?
Endocrinology, September 1, 2006; 147(9): 4486 - 4495.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
C. Bruley, V. Lyons, A. G. F. Worsley, M. D. Wilde, G. D. Darlington, N. M. Morton, J. R. Seckl, and K. E. Chapman
A Novel Promoter for the 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Gene Is Active in Lung and Is C/EBP{alpha} Independent
Endocrinology, June 1, 2006; 147(6): 2879 - 2885.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Appl. Physiol.Home page
A. E. Coutinho, J. E. Campbell, S. Fediuc, and M. C. Riddell
Effect of voluntary exercise on peripheral tissue glucocorticoid receptor content and the expression and activity of 11beta-HSD1 in the Syrian hamster
J Appl Physiol, May 1, 2006; 100(5): 1483 - 1488.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.Home page
J. A. Shoener, R. Baig, and K. C. Page
Prenatal exposure to dexamethasone alters hippocampal drive on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in adult male rats
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, May 1, 2006; 290(5): R1366 - R1373.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DiabetesHome page
R. Basu, R. Singh, A. Basu, C.M. Johnson, and R. A. Rizza
Effect of Nutrient Ingestion on Total-Body and Splanchnic Cortisol Production in Humans
Diabetes, March 1, 2006; 55(3): 667 - 674.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
K. L. McCormick, X. Wang, and G. J. Mick
Evidence That the 11 {beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (11 {beta}-HSD1) Is Regulated by Pentose Pathway Flux: STUDIES IN RAT ADIPOCYTES AND MICROSOMES
J. Biol. Chem., January 6, 2006; 281(1): 341 - 347.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DiabetesHome page
N. M. Morton, V. Densmore, M. Wamil, L. Ramage, K. Nichol, L. Bunger, J. R. Seckl, and C. J. Kenyon
A Polygenic Model of the Metabolic Syndrome With Reduced Circulating and Intra-Adipose Glucocorticoid Action
Diabetes, December 1, 2005; 54(12): 3371 - 3378.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.Home page
J. M. Paterson, J. R. Seckl, and J. J. Mullins
Genetic manipulation of 11{beta}-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in mice
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, September 1, 2005; 289(3): R642 - R652.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J EndocrinolHome page
N. Draper and P. M Stewart
11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and the pre-receptor regulation of corticosteroid hormone action
J. Endocrinol., August 1, 2005; 186(2): 251 - 271.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
R. Basu, R. J. Singh, A. Basu, E. G. Chittilapilly, M. C. Johnson, G. Toffolo, C. Cobelli, and R. A. Rizza
Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Do Not Alter Splanchnic Cortisol Production in Humans
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2005; 90(7): 3919 - 3926.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Mol EndocrinolHome page
I. J Bujalska, N. Draper, Z. Michailidou, J. W Tomlinson, P. C White, K. E Chapman, E. A Walker, and P. M Stewart
Hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase confers oxo-reductase activity upon 11{beta}-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1
J. Mol. Endocrinol., June 1, 2005; 34(3): 675 - 684.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
K. N. Hewitt, E. A. Walker, and P. M. Stewart
Minireview: Hexose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase and Redox Control of 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Activity
Endocrinology, June 1, 2005; 146(6): 2539 - 2543.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DiabetesHome page
E. E. Kershaw, N. M. Morton, H. Dhillon, L. Ramage, J. R. Seckl, and J. S. Flier
Adipocyte-Specific Glucocorticoid Inactivation Protects Against Diet-Induced Obesity
Diabetes, April 1, 2005; 54(4): 1023 - 1031.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
D. J. Hosfield, Y. Wu, R. J. Skene, M. Hilgers, A. Jennings, G. P. Snell, and K. Aertgeerts
Conformational Flexibility in Crystal Structures of Human 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type I Provide Insights into Glucocorticoid Interconversion and Enzyme Regulation
J. Biol. Chem., February 11, 2005; 280(6): 4639 - 4648.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
A. J. Drake, D. E. W. Livingstone, R. Andrew, J. R. Seckl, N. M. Morton, and B. R. Walker
Reduced Adipose Glucocorticoid Reactivation and Increased Hepatic Glucocorticoid Clearance as an Early Adaptation to High-Fat Feeding in Wistar Rats
Endocrinology, February 1, 2005; 146(2): 913 - 919.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DiabetesHome page
Y. Liu, Y. Nakagawa, Y. Wang, R. Sakurai, P. V. Tripathi, K. Lutfy, and T. C. Friedman
Increased Glucocorticoid Receptor and 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Expression in Hepatocytes May Contribute to the Phenotype of Type 2 Diabetes in db/db Mice
Diabetes, January 1, 2005; 54(1): 32 - 40.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.Home page
M. Berthiaume, H. Sell, J. Lalonde, Y. Gelinas, A. Tchernof, D. Richard, and Y. Deshaies
Actions of PPAR{gamma} agonism on adipose tissue remodeling, insulin sensitivity, and lipemia in absence of glucocorticoids
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, November 1, 2004; 287(5): R1116 - R1123.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Endocr. Rev.Home page
J. W. Tomlinson, E. A. Walker, I. J. Bujalska, N. Draper, G. G. Lavery, M. S. Cooper, M. Hewison, and P. M. Stewart
11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1: A Tissue-Specific Regulator of Glucocorticoid Response
Endocr. Rev., October 1, 2004; 25(5): 831 - 866.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DiabetesHome page
R. Basu, R. J. Singh, A. Basu, E. G. Chittilapilly, C. M. Johnson, G. Toffolo, C. Cobelli, and R. A. Rizza
Splanchnic Cortisol Production Occurs in Humans: Evidence for Conversion of Cortisone to Cortisol Via the 11-{beta} Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (11{beta}-HSD) Type 1 Pathway
Diabetes, August 1, 2004; 53(8): 2051 - 2059.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
N. M. Morton, L. Ramage, and J. R. Seckl
Down-Regulation of Adipose 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 by High-Fat Feeding in Mice: A Potential Adaptive Mechanism Counteracting Metabolic Disease
Endocrinology, June 1, 2004; 145(6): 2707 - 2712.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
J. M. Paterson, N. M. Morton, C. Fievet, C. J. Kenyon, M. C. Holmes, B. Staels, J. R. Seckl, and J. J. Mullins
Metabolic syndrome without obesity: Hepatic overexpression of 11{beta}-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in transgenic mice
PNAS, May 4, 2004; 101(18): 7088 - 7093.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
T. C. Sandeep, J. L. W. Yau, A. M. J. MacLullich, J. Noble, I. J. Deary, B. R. Walker, and J. R. Seckl
From The Cover: 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibition improves cognitive function in healthy elderly men and type 2 diabetics
PNAS, April 27, 2004; 101(17): 6734 - 6739.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Recent Prog Horm ResHome page
J. R. Seckl, N. M. Morton, K. E. Chapman, and B. R. Walker
Glucocorticoids and 11beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase in Adipose Tissue
Recent Prog. Horm. Res., January 1, 2004; 59(1): 359 - 393.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
J. Stokes, B. R. Walker, J. C. Campbell, J. R. Seckl, C. O'Brien, and R. Andrew
Altered Peripheral Sensitivity to Glucocorticoids in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., December 1, 2003; 44(12): 5163 - 5167.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
T. Tsilchorozidou, J. W. Honour, and G. S. Conway
Altered Cortisol Metabolism in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Insulin Enhances 5{alpha}-Reduction But Not the Elevated Adrenal Steroid Production Rates
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 2003; 88(12): 5907 - 5913.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Biol. Reprod.Home page
H.G. Klemcke, R. Sampath Kumar, K. Yang, J.L. Vallet, and R.K. Christenson
11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase and Glucocorticoid Receptor Messenger RNA Expression in Porcine Placentae: Effects of Stage of Gestation, Breed, and Uterine Environment
Biol Reprod, December 1, 2003; 69(6): 1945 - 1950.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
N. Alfaidy, W. Li, T. MacIntosh, K. Yang, and J. Challis
Late Gestation Increase in 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 1 Expression in Human Fetal Membranes: A Novel Intrauterine Source of Cortisol
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., October 1, 2003; 88(10): 5033 - 5038.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 HypertensionHome page
C. Christy, P. W.F. Hadoke, J. M. Paterson, J. J. Mullins, J. R. Seckl, and B. R. Walker
11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 in Mouse Aorta: Localization and Influence on Response to Glucocorticoids
Hypertension, October 1, 2003; 42(4): 580 - 587.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
E. P. Gomez-Sanchez, V. Ganjam, Y. J. Chen, Y. Liu, M. Y. Zhou, C. Toroslu, D. G. Romero, M. D. Hughson, A. de Rodriguez, and C. E. Gomez-Sanchez
Regulation of 11{beta}-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzymes in the rat kidney by estradiol
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, August 1, 2003; 285(2): E272 - E279.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
R. S. Lindsay, D. J. Wake, S. Nair, J. Bunt, D. E. W. Livingstone, P. A. Permana, P. A. Tataranni, and B. R. Walker
Subcutaneous Adipose 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Activity and Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Levels Are Associated with Adiposity and Insulinemia in Pima Indians and Caucasians
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2003; 88(6): 2738 - 2744.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.Home page
D. E. W. Livingstone and B. R. Walker
Is 11beta -Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 a Therapeutic Target? Effects of Carbenoxolone in Lean and Obese Zucker Rats
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., April 1, 2003; 305(1): 167 - 172.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
N. Shafqat, B. Elleby, S. Svensson, J. Shafqat, H. Jornvall, L. Abrahmsen, and U. Oppermann
Comparative Enzymology of 11beta -Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 from Glucocorticoid Resistant (Guinea Pig) Versus Sensitive (Human) Species
J. Biol. Chem., January 10, 2003; 278(3): 2030 - 2035.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
S. Diederich, E. Eigendorff, P. Burkhardt, M. Quinkler, C. Bumke-Vogt, M. Rochel, D. Seidelmann, P. Esperling, W. Oelkers, and V. Bahr
11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Types 1 and 2: An Important Pharmacokinetic Determinant for the Activity of Synthetic Mineralo- and Glucocorticoids
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 2002; 87(12): 5695 - 5701.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Biol. Reprod.Home page
A. Thompson, V.K.M. Han, and K. Yang
Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Expression of 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Types 1 and 2 Messenger RNA and Glucocorticoid Receptor Protein in the Murine Placenta and Uterus During Late Pregnancy
Biol Reprod, December 1, 2002; 67(6): 1708 - 1718.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch. Dis. Child.Home page
E Charmandari, C G D Brook, and P C Hindmarsh
Why is management of patients with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia more difficult at puberty?
Arch. Dis. Child., April 1, 2002; 86(4): 266 - 269.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
I. J. Bujalska, E. A. Walker, M. Hewison, and P. M. Stewart
A Switch in Dehydrogenase to Reductase Activity of 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 upon Differentiation of Human Omental Adipose Stromal Cells
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2002; 87(3): 1205 - 1210.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
E. Charmandari, P. C. Hindmarsh, A. Johnston, and C. G. D. Brook
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency: Alterations in Cortisol Pharmacokinetics at Puberty
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2001; 86(6): 2701 - 2708.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
C. B. Whorwood, S. J. Donovan, P. J. Wood, and D. I. W. Phillips
Regulation of Glucocorticoid Receptor {{alpha}} and {beta} Isoforms and Type I 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Expression in Human Skeletal Muscle Cells: A Key Role in the Pathogenesis of Insulin Resistance?
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2001; 86(5): 2296 - 2308.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
J. W. Tomlinson, J. Moore, M. S. Cooper, I. Bujalska, M. Shahmanesh, C. Burt, A. Strain, M. Hewison, and P. M. Stewart
Regulation of Expression of 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 in Adipose Tissue: Tissue-Specific Induction by Cytokines
Endocrinology, May 1, 2001; 142(5): 1982 - 1989.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
J. R. Seckl and B. R. Walker
Minireview: 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1-- A Tissue-Specific Amplifier of Glucocorticoid Action
Endocrinology, April 1, 2001; 142(4): 1371 - 1376.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
J. L. W. Yau, J. Noble, C. J. Kenyon, C. Hibberd, Y. Kotelevtsev, J. J. Mullins, and J. R. Seckl
Lack of tissue glucocorticoid reactivation in 11beta -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 knockout mice ameliorates age-related learning impairments
PNAS, March 22, 2001; (2001) 71562698.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
R. M. Reynolds, B. R. Walker, H. E. Syddall, C. B. Whorwood, P. J. Wood, and D. I. W. Phillips
Elevated Plasma Cortisol in Glucose-Intolerant Men: Differences in Responses to Glucose and Habituation to Venepuncture
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2001; 86(3): 1149 - 1153.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
H. J. Harris, Y. Kotelevtsev, J. J. Mullins, J. R. Seckl, and M. C. Holmes
Intracellular Regeneration of Glucocorticoids by 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (11{beta}-HSD)-1 Plays a Key Role in Regulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: Analysis of 11{beta}-HSD-1-Deficient Mice
Endocrinology, January 1, 2001; 142(1): 114 - 120.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
P. Y. K. Yong, K. J. Thong, R. Andrew, B. R. Walker, and S. G. Hillier
Development-Related Increase in Cortisol Biosynthesis by Human Granulosa Cells
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 2000; 85(12): 4728 - 4733.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
V. Vicennati and R. Pasquali
Abnormalities of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Nondepressed Women with Abdominal Obesity and Relations with Insulin Resistance: Evidence for a Central and a Peripheral Alteration
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2000; 85(11): 4093 - 4098.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
J. Stokes, J. Noble, L. Brett, C. Phillips, J. R. Seckl, C. O’Brien, and R. Andrew
Distribution of Glucocorticoid and Mineralocorticoid Receptors and 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases in Human and Rat Ocular Tissues
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., June 1, 2000; 41(7): 1629 - 1638.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
A. A. Toogood, N. F. Taylor, S. M. Shalet, and J. P. Monson
Modulation of Cortisol Metabolism by Low-Dose Growth Hormone Replacement in Elderly Hypopituitary Patients
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2000; 85(4): 1727 - 1730.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Biol. Reprod.Home page
B. J. Waddell and P. J. Burton
Full Induction of Rat Myometrial 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 in Late Pregnancy Is Dependent on Intrauterine Occupancy
Biol Reprod, April 1, 2000; 62(4): 1005 - 1009.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
D. E. W. Livingstone, G. C. Jones, K. Smith, P. M. Jamieson, R. Andrew, C. J. Kenyon, and B. R. Walker
Understanding the Role of Glucocorticoids in Obesity: Tissue-Specific Alterations of Corticosterone Metabolism in Obese Zucker Rats
Endocrinology, February 1, 2000; 141(2): 560 - 563.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
J. S. Moore, J. P. Monson, G. Kaltsas, P. Putignano, P. J. Wood, M. C. Sheppard, G. M. Besser, N. F. Taylor, and P. M. Stewart
Modulation of 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Isozymes by Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Growth Factor: In Vivo and In Vitro Studies
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 1999; 84(11): 4172 - 4177.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 HypertensionHome page
S. A. Lloyd-MacGilp, S. M. Nelson, M. Florin, M. Lo, J. McKinnell, J. Sassard, and C. J. Kenyon
11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase and Corticosteroid Action in Lyon Hypertensive Rats
Hypertension, November 1, 1999; 34(5): 1123 - 1128.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
M. J. J. Finken, R. C. Andrews, R. Andrew, and B. R. Walker
Cortisol Metabolism in Healthy Young Adults: Sexual Dimorphism in Activities of A-Ring Reductases, but not 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 1999; 84(9): 3316 - 3321.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
I. J. Bujalska, S. Kumar, M. Hewison, and P. M. Stewart
Differentiation of Adipose Stromal Cells: The Roles of Glucocorticoids and 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase
Endocrinology, July 1, 1999; 140(7): 3188 - 3196.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
A. Nordenström, C. Marcus, M. Axelson, A. Wedell, and E. M. Ritzén
Failure of Cortisone Acetate Treatment in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia because of Defective 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Reductase Activity
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 1999; 84(4): 1210 - 1213.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
P. M. Stewart, A. Boulton, S. Kumar, P. M. S. Clark, and C. H. L. Shackleton
Cortisol Metabolism in Human Obesity: Impaired Cortisone->Cortisol Conversion in Subjects with Central Adiposity
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 1999; 84(3): 1022 - 1027.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Biol. Reprod.Home page
J. Tremblay, D.B. Hardy, L.E. Pereira, and K. Yang
Retinoic Acid Stimulates the Expression of 11ß-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 in Human Choriocarcinoma JEG-3 Cells
Biol Reprod, March 1, 1999; 60(3): 541 - 545.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Biol. Reprod.Home page
P. J. Burton and B. J. Waddell
Dual Function of 11ß-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase in Placenta: Modulating Placental Glucocorticoid Passage and Local Steroid Action
Biol Reprod, February 1, 1999; 60(2): 234 - 240.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
J. Condon, C. Gosden, D. Gardener, P. Nickson, M. Hewison, A. J. Howie, and P. M. Stewart
Expression of Type 2 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase and Corticosteroid Hormone Receptors in Early Human Fetal Life
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 1998; 83(12): 4490 - 4497.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
M. Panarelli, C. D. Holloway, R. Fraser, J. M. C. Connell, M. C. Ingram, N. H. Anderson, and C. J. Kenyon
Glucocorticoid Receptor Polymorphism, Skin Vasoconstriction, and Other Metabolic Intermediate Phenotypes in Normal Human Subjects
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 1998; 83(6): 1846 - 1852.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
M. L. Ricketts, J. M. Verhaeg, I. Bujalska, A. J. Howie, W. E. Rainey, and P. M. Stewart
Immunohistochemical Localization of Type 1 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase in Human Tissues
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 1998; 83(4): 1325 - 1335.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
B. J. Waddell, R. Benediktsson, R. W. Brown, and J. R. Seckl
Tissue-Specific Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Expression of 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Types 1 and 2 and the Glucocorticoid Receptor within Rat Placenta Suggests Exquisite Local Control of Glucocorticoid Action
Endocrinology, April 1, 1998; 139(4): 1517 - 1523.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
R. Diaz, R. W. Brown, and J. R. Seckl
Distinct Ontogeny of Glucocorticoid and Mineralocorticoid Receptor and 11beta -Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Types I and II mRNAs in the Fetal Rat Brain Suggest a Complex Control of Glucocorticoid Actions
J. Neurosci., April 1, 1998; 18(7): 2570 - 2580.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
P. J. Burton, Z. S. Krozowski, and B. J. Waddell
Immunolocalization of 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Types 1 and 2 in Rat Uterus: Variation Across the Estrous Cycle and Regulation by Estrogen and Progesterone
Endocrinology, January 1, 1998; 139(1): 376 - 382.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
Y. Kotelevtsev, M. C. Holmes, A. Burchell, P. M. Houston, D. Schmoll, P. Jamieson, R. Best, R. Brown, C. R. W. Edwards, J. R. Seckl, et al.
11beta -Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 knockout mice show attenuated glucocorticoid-inducible responses and resist hyperglycemia on obesity or stress
PNAS, December 23, 1997; 94(26): 14924 - 14929.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
P. Sinha, I. Halasz, J. F. Choi, R. F. McGivern, and E. Redei
Maternal Adrenalectomy Eliminates a Surge of Plasma Dehydroepiandrosterone in the Mother and Attenuates the Prenatal Testosterone Surge in the Male Fetus
Endocrinology, November 1, 1997; 138(11): 4792 - 4797.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
K. Sun, K. Yang, and J. R. G. Challis
Differential Regulation of 11 {beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 and 2 by Nitric Oxide in Cultured Human Placental Trophoblast and Chorionic Cell Preparation
Endocrinology, November 1, 1997; 138(11): 4912 - 4920.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
R.-S. Ge, H.-B. Gao, V. L. Nacharaju, G. L. Gunsalus, and M. P. Hardy
Identification of a Kinetically Distinct Activity of 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase in Rat Leydig Cells
Endocrinology, June 1, 1997; 138(6): 2435 - 2442.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
H.-B. Gao, R.-S. Ge, V. Lakshmi, A. Marandici, and M. P. Hardy
Hormonal Regulation of Oxidative and Reductive Activities of 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase in Rat Leydig Cells
Endocrinology, January 1, 1997; 138(1): 156 - 161.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
L. J. S. Williams, V. Lyons, I. MacLeod, V. Rajan, G. J. Darlington, V. Poli, J. R. Seckl, and K. E. Chapman
C/EBP Regulates Hepatic Transcription of 11beta -Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1. A NOVEL MECHANISM FOR CROSS-TALK BETWEEN THE C/EBP AND GLUCOCORTICOID SIGNALING PATHWAYS
J. Biol. Chem., September 22, 2000; 275(39): 30232 - 30239.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
N. M. Morton, M. C. Holmes, C. Fievet, B. Staels, A. Tailleux, J. J. Mullins, and J. R. Seckl
Improved Lipid and Lipoprotein Profile, Hepatic Insulin Sensitivity, and Glucose Tolerance in 11beta -Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Null Mice
J. Biol. Chem., October 26, 2001; 276(44): 41293 - 41300.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
J. L. W. Yau, J. Noble, C. J. Kenyon, C. Hibberd, Y. Kotelevtsev, J. J. Mullins, and J. R. Seckl
Lack of tissue glucocorticoid reactivation in 11beta -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 knockout mice ameliorates age-related learning impairments
PNAS, April 10, 2001; 98(8): 4716 - 4721.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
J. Hanafusa, T. Mune, T. Tanahashi, Y. Isomura, T. Suwa, M. Isaji, H. Daido, H. Morita, M. Murayama, and K. Yasuda
Altered corticosteroid metabolism differentially affects pituitary corticotropin response
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, February 1, 2002; 282(2): E466 - E473.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Endocrinology Endocrine Reviews J. Clin. End. & Metab.
Molecular Endocrinology Recent Prog. Horm. Res. All Endocrine Journals
Copyright © 1995 by The Endocrine Society