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Endocrinology, Vol 137, 354-366, Copyright © 1996 by Endocrine Society

ARTICLES

Differential expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs): tissue distribution of PPAR-alpha, -beta, and -gamma in the adult rat

O Braissant, F Foufelle, C Scotto, M Dauca and W Wahli
Institut de Biologie Animale, Batiment de Biologie, Universite de Lausanne, Switzerland.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily that can be activated by various xenobiotics and natural fatty acids. These transcription factors primarily regulate genes involved in lipid metabolism and also play a role in adipocyte differentiation. We present the expression patterns of the PPAR subtypes in the adult rat, determined by in situ hybridization using specific probes for PPAR-alpha, -beta and -gamma, and by immunohistochemistry using a polyclonal antibody that recognizes the three rat PPAR subtypes. In numerous cell types from either ectodermal, mesodermal, or endodermal origin, PPARs are coexpressed, with relative levels varying between them from one cell type to the other. PPAR-alpha is highly expressed in hepatocytes, cardiomyocytes, enterocytes, and the proximal tubule cells of kidney. PPAR-beta is expressed ubiquitously and often at higher levels than PPAR-alpha and - gamma. PPAR-gamma is expressed predominantly in adipose tissue and the immune system. Our results suggest new potential directions to investigate the functions of the different PPAR subtypes.


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 Cancer Res.Home page
L. Xu, C. Han, K. Lim, and T. Wu
Cross-talk between Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor {delta} and Cytosolic Phospholipase A2{alpha}/Cyclooxygenase-2/Prostaglandin E2 Signaling Pathways in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
Cancer Res., December 15, 2006; 66(24): 11859 - 11868.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Pharmacol. Rev.Home page
L. Michalik, J. Auwerx, J. P. Berger, V. K. Chatterjee, C. K. Glass, F. J. Gonzalez, P. A. Grimaldi, T. Kadowaki, M. A. Lazar, S. O'Rahilly, et al.
International Union of Pharmacology. LXI. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
Pharmacol. Rev., December 1, 2006; 58(4): 726 - 741.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 FASEB J.Home page
Y. P. Turmelle, O. Shikapwashya, S. Tu, P. W. Hruz, Q. Yan, and D. A. Rudnick
Rosiglitazone inhibits mouse liver regeneration
FASEB J, December 1, 2006; 20(14): 2609 - 2611.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
L. Xu, C. Han, and T. Wu
A Novel Positive Feedback Loop between Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor-{delta} and Prostaglandin E2 Signaling Pathways for Human Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Growth
J. Biol. Chem., November 10, 2006; 281(45): 33982 - 33996.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Physiol. GenomicsHome page
H. J. Atherton, N. J. Bailey, W. Zhang, J. Taylor, H. Major, J. Shockcor, K. Clarke, and J. L. Griffin
A combined 1H-NMR spectroscopy- and mass spectrometry-based metabolomic study of the PPAR-{alpha} null mutant mouse defines profound systemic changes in metabolism linked to the metabolic syndrome
Physiol Genomics, October 11, 2006; 27(2): 178 - 186.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J DAIRY SCIHome page
C. Rodriguez-Sallaberry, C. Caldari-Torres, E. S. Greene, and L. Badinga
Conjugated Linoleic Acid Reduces Phorbol Ester-Induced Prostaglandin F2{alpha} Production by Bovine Endometrial Cells.
J Dairy Sci, October 1, 2006; 89(10): 3826 - 3832.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 EndocrinologyHome page
Q. Yang, R. Kurotani, A. Yamada, S. Kimura, and F. J. Gonzalez
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor {alpha} Activation during Pregnancy Severely Impairs Mammary Lobuloalveolar Development in Mice
Endocrinology, October 1, 2006; 147(10): 4772 - 4780.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J ANIM SCIHome page
F. N. C. Gropp, D. L. Greger, C. Morel, S. Sauter, and J. W. Blum
Nuclear receptor and nuclear receptor target gene messenger ribonucleic acid levels at different sites of the gastrointestinal tract and in liver of healthy dogs
J Anim Sci, October 1, 2006; 84(10): 2684 - 2691.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Exp. Biol. Med.Home page
A. Klopotek, F. Hirche, and K. Eder
PPAR{gamma} Ligand Troglitazone Lowers Cholesterol Synthesis in HepG2 and Caco-2 Cells via a Reduced Concentration of Nuclear SREBP-2
Experimental Biology and Medicine, September 1, 2006; 231(8): 1365 - 1372.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 EndocrinologyHome page
A. Yessoufou, A. Hichami, P. Besnard, K. Moutairou, and N. A. Khan
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor {alpha} Deficiency Increases the Risk of Maternal Abortion and Neonatal Mortality in Murine Pregnancy with or without Diabetes Mellitus: Modulation of T Cell Differentiation
Endocrinology, September 1, 2006; 147(9): 4410 - 4418.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 EndocrinologyHome page
C. Knauf, J. Rieusset, M. Foretz, P. D. Cani, M. Uldry, M. Hosokawa, E. Martinez, M. Bringart, A. Waget, S. Kersten, et al.
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{alpha}-Null Mice Have Increased White Adipose Tissue Glucose Utilization, GLUT4, and Fat Mass: Role in Liver and Brain
Endocrinology, September 1, 2006; 147(9): 4067 - 4078.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
J. LoVerme, M. Guzman, S. Gaetani, and D. Piomelli
Cold Exposure Stimulates Synthesis of the Bioactive Lipid Oleoylethanolamide in Rat Adipose Tissue
J. Biol. Chem., August 11, 2006; 281(32): 22815 - 22818.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Cell. Biol.Home page
R. Nielsen, L. Grontved, H. G. Stunnenberg, and S. Mandrup
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Subtype- and Cell-Type-Specific Activation of Genomic Target Genes upon Adenoviral Transgene Delivery
Mol. Cell. Biol., August 1, 2006; 26(15): 5698 - 5714.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
T. G. Neilan, G. A. Doherty, G. Chen, C. Deflandre, H. McAllister, R. K. Butler, S. E. McClelland, E. Kay, L. R. Ballou, and D. J. Fitzgerald
Disruption of COX-2 modulates gene expression and the cardiac injury response to doxorubicin
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2006; 291(2): H532 - H536.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Endocrinol.Home page
S. Hummasti and P. Tontonoz
The Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor N-Terminal Domain Controls Isotype-Selective Gene Expression and Adipogenesis
Mol. Endocrinol., June 1, 2006; 20(6): 1261 - 1275.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J EndocrinolHome page
P Froment, F Gizard, D Defever, B Staels, J Dupont, and P Monget
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in reproductive tissues: from gametogenesis to parturition.
J. Endocrinol., May 1, 2006; 189(2): 199 - 209.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Lipid Res.Home page
K. T. Dalen, S. M. Ulven, B. M. Arntsen, K. Solaas, and H. I. Nebb
PPAR{alpha} activators and fasting induce the expression of adipose differentiation-related protein in liver
J. Lipid Res., May 1, 2006; 47(5): 931 - 943.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 BloodHome page
H. Liu, C. Zang, M. H. Fenner, D. Liu, K. Possinger, H. P. Koeffler, and E. Elstner
Growth inhibition and apoptosis in human Philadelphia chromosome-positive lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines by treatment with the dual PPAR{alpha}/{gamma} ligand TZD18
Blood, May 1, 2006; 107(9): 3683 - 3692.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Cell. Biol.Home page
K. Nadra, S. I. Anghel, E. Joye, N. S. Tan, S. Basu-Modak, D. Trono, W. Wahli, and B. Desvergne
Differentiation of Trophoblast Giant Cells and Their Metabolic Functions Are Dependent on Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor {beta}/{delta}
Mol. Cell. Biol., April 15, 2006; 26(8): 3266 - 3281.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Physiol. Rev.Home page
B. Desvergne, L. Michalik, and W. Wahli
Transcriptional Regulation of Metabolism
Physiol Rev, April 1, 2006; 86(2): 465 - 514.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.Home page
S. E. O'Sullivan, D. A. Kendall, and M. D. Randall
Further Characterization of the Time-Dependent Vascular Effects of {Delta}9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., April 1, 2006; 317(1): 428 - 438.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Gen. Virol.Home page
B. A. Bryan, O. F. Dyson, and S. M. Akula
Identifying cellular genes crucial for the reactivation of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus latency.
J. Gen. Virol., March 1, 2006; 87(Pt 3): 519 - 529.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Lipid Res.Home page
U. Edvardsson, A. Ljungberg, D. Linden, L. William-Olsson, H. Peilot-Sjogren, A. Ahnmark, and J. Oscarsson
PPAR{alpha} activation increases triglyceride mass and adipose differentiation-related protein in hepatocytes
J. Lipid Res., February 1, 2006; 47(2): 329 - 340.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ReproductionHome page
J. Banerjee and C. M Komar
Effects of luteinizing hormone on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor {gamma} in the rat ovary before and after the gonadotropin surge
Reproduction, January 1, 2006; 131(1): 93 - 101.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
F. Blaschke, Y. Takata, E. Caglayan, R. E. Law, and W. A. Hsueh
Obesity, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor, and Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, January 1, 2006; 26(1): 28 - 40.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Biol. Reprod.Home page
C. E Minge, N. K. Ryan, K. H. V. D. Hoek, R. L. Robker, and R. J. Norman
Troglitazone Regulates Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Murine Ovarian Macrophages
Biol Reprod, January 1, 2006; 74(1): 153 - 160.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DiabetesHome page
A. Tsuchida, T. Yamauchi, S. Takekawa, Y. Hada, Y. Ito, T. Maki, and T. Kadowaki
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR){alpha} Activation Increases Adiponectin Receptors and Reduces Obesity-Related Inflammation in Adipose Tissue: Comparison of Activation of PPAR{alpha}, PPAR{gamma}, and Their Combination
Diabetes, December 1, 2005; 54(12): 3358 - 3370.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JNMHome page
W. B. Mathews, C. A. Foss, D. Stoermer, H. T. Ravert, R. F. Dannals, B. R. Henke, and M. G. Pomper
Synthesis and Biodistribution of 11C-GW7845, a Positron-Emitting Agonist for Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{gamma}
J. Nucl. Med., October 1, 2005; 46(10): 1719 - 1726.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Pharmacol.Home page
O. S. Gardner, B. J. Dewar, and L. M. Graves
Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases by Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Ligands: An Example of Nongenomic Signaling
Mol. Pharmacol., October 1, 2005; 68(4): 933 - 941.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CarcinogenesisHome page
B. Knight, B. B. Yeap, G. C. Yeoh, and J. K. Olynyk
Inhibition of adult liver progenitor (oval) cell growth and viability by an agonist of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) family member {gamma}, but not {alpha} or {delta}
Carcinogenesis, October 1, 2005; 26(10): 1782 - 1792.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
D. Bonofiglio, S. Gabriele, S. Aquila, S. Catalano, M. Gentile, E. Middea, F. Giordano, and S. Ando
Estrogen Receptor {alpha} Binds to Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Response Element and Negatively Interferes with Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor {gamma} Signaling in Breast Cancer Cells
Clin. Cancer Res., September 1, 2005; 11(17): 6139 - 6147.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 HypertensionHome page
E. L. Schiffrin
More Evidence of Cardiorenal Protective Effects of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Activation
Hypertension, August 1, 2005; 46(2): 267 - 268.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 HypertensionHome page
J. M. Williams, X. Zhao, M. H. Wang, J. D. Imig, and D. M. Pollock
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{alpha} Activation Reduces Salt-Dependent Hypertension During Chronic Endothelin B Receptor Blockade
Hypertension, August 1, 2005; 46(2): 366 - 371.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
S. Jitrapakdee, M. Slawik, G. Medina-Gomez, M. Campbell, J. C. Wallace, J. K. Sethi, S. O'Rahilly, and A. J. Vidal-Puig
The Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor-{gamma} Regulates Murine Pyruvate Carboxylase Gene Expression in Vivo and in Vitro
J. Biol. Chem., July 22, 2005; 280(29): 27466 - 27476.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DiabetesHome page
R. L. Hull, Z.-P. Shen, M. R. Watts, K. Kodama, D. B. Carr, K. M. Utzschneider, S. Zraika, F. Wang, and S. E. Kahn
Long-Term Treatment With Rosiglitazone and Metformin Reduces the Extent of, but Does Not Prevent, Islet Amyloid Deposition in Mice Expressing the Gene for Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide
Diabetes, July 1, 2005; 54(7): 2235 - 2244.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
H. Zhang, A. Zhang, D. E. Kohan, R. D. Nelson, F. J. Gonzalez, and T. Yang
Collecting duct-specific deletion of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor {gamma} blocks thiazolidinedione-induced fluid retention
PNAS, June 28, 2005; 102(26): 9406 - 9411.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
R. Arakawa, N. Tamehiro, T. Nishimaki-Mogami, K. Ueda, and S. Yokoyama
Fenofibric Acid, an Active Form of Fenofibrate, Increases Apolipoprotein A-I-Mediated High-Density Lipoprotein Biogenesis by Enhancing Transcription of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter A1 Gene in a Liver X Receptor-Dependent Manner
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, June 1, 2005; 25(6): 1193 - 1197.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
Y. Yin, R. G. Russell, L. E. Dettin, R. Bai, Z.-L. Wei, A. P. Kozikowski, L. Kopleovich, and R. I. Glazer
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor {delta} and {gamma} Agonists Differentially Alter Tumor Differentiation and Progression during Mammary Carcinogenesis
Cancer Res., May 1, 2005; 65(9): 3950 - 3957.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Clin PharmacolHome page
J. A. Wagner, P. J. Larson, S. Weiss, J. L. Miller, T. W. Doebber, M. S. Wu, D. E. Moller, and K. M. Gottesdiener
Individual and Combined Effects of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor and {gamma} Agonists, Fenofibrate and Rosiglitazone, on Biomarkers of Lipid and Glucose Metabolism in Healthy Nondiabetic Volunteers
J. Clin. Pharmacol., May 1, 2005; 45(5): 504 - 513.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
A. Planavila, J. C. Laguna, and M. Vazquez-Carrera
Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B Activation Leads to Down-regulation of Fatty Acid Oxidation during Cardiac Hypertrophy
J. Biol. Chem., April 29, 2005; 280(17): 17464 - 17471.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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