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Water Deprivation Increases the Expression of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide Gene in the Rat Subfornical Organ¹

Department of Physiology (M.N., Y.U., R.S., N.K., I.S., H.Y.), School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1–1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807, Japan; Institute of Medical Anatomy Department B (P.J.L.), University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (J.H.), Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Hiroshi Yamashita, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1–1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807, Japan.

The effect of water deprivation on the expression of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) was examined in the rat subfornical organ (SFO), using a combination of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization histochemistry. In the euhydrated condition, PACAP-immunoreactivity (PACAP-IR) and the expression of PACAP gene was observed in the SFO. Water deprivation for 24 h and 48 h caused a significant increase in PACAP gene transcripts in the SFO, compared with euhydrated animals. Additionally, water deprivation for 48 h caused an increase in PACAP-IR. This increase of PACAP-IR was demonstrated in both nerve fibers and cell bodies. High correlation was found between the localization of PACAP-IR cell bodies and PACAP messenger RNA synthesizing cell bodies in the peripheral part of the SFO. These results suggest that PACAP in the SFO may play a role in the humoral and neural changes associated with the regulation of body fluid balance after water deprivation.

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