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Diabetes Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1829
Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Simeon I. Taylor, Diabetes Branch, NIDDK, Bldg. 10, Room 9S213, 10 Center Drive MSC 1829, Bethesda MD 20892-1770. E-mail: sit{at}box-s.nih.gov
Leptin, the peptide encoded by the obese gene, is secreted by adipose cells and plays a role in regulating food intake, energy expenditure, and adiposity. Because earlier studies suggested that insulin increases the expression of leptin, we investigated the effect of insulin on leptin secretion by adipose tissue. Epididymal fat pads were incubated in vitro in the presence or absence of insulin over a 4-h time course. Insulin increased leptin secretion by about 80% at all time points studied. After 10 min of insulin treatment, the amount of tissue-associated leptin was lower in insulin-stimulated tissue, presumably due to the increased secretion. At later times, both tissue-associated leptin and total leptin production were higher in insulin-treated tissue. In untreated, isolated adipose cells, immunostaining of leptin was detected in the endoplasmic reticulum by confocal microscopy. After insulin treatment, there were two populations of cells. In many cells, leptin staining became fainter and was restricted to a narrow band near the plasma membrane. However, in other cells the leptin-staining pattern was unchanged. Leptin did not colocalize with GLUT4, the glucose transporter isoform found primarily in insulin-responsive cells, in either basal or insulin-stimulated adipose cells. In this study, insulin increased both secretion and production of leptin by adipose tissue fragments. Interestingly, insulin appeared to stimulate the transport of leptin from the endoplasmic reticulum rather than acting on a pool of regulated secretory vesicles.
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C. D. Russell, M. R. Ricci, R. E. Brolin, E. Magill, and S. K. Fried Regulation of the leptin content of obese human adipose tissue Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, March 1, 2001; 280(3): E399 - E404. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. Roh, G. Thoidis, S. R. Farmer, and K. V. Kandror Identification and characterization of leptin-containing intracellular compartment in rat adipose cells Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, October 1, 2000; 279(4): E893 - E899. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. R. Levy, J. Gyarmati, J. M. Lesko, R. A. Adler, and W. Stevens Dual regulation of leptin secretion: intracellular energy and calcium dependence of regulated pathway Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, May 1, 2000; 278(5): E892 - E901. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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N. Iritani, T. Sugimoto, and H. Fukuda Gene Expressions of Leptin, Insulin Receptors and Lipogenic Enzymes Are Coordinately Regulated by Insulin and Dietary Fat in Rats J. Nutr., May 1, 2000; 130(5): 1183 - 1188. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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N. F. Shay and H. F. Mangian Neurobiology of Zinc-Influenced Eating Behavior J. Nutr., May 1, 2000; 130(5): 1493S - 1499. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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 K. J. CLAYCOMBE, B. Z. XUE, R. L. MYNATT, M. B. ZEMEL, and N. MOUSTAID-MOUSSA Regulation of leptin by agouti Physiol Genomics, April 27, 2000; 2(3): 101 - 105. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Suga, T. Hirano, H. Kageyama, T. Osaka, Y. Namba, M. Tsuji, M. Miura, M. Adachi, and S. Inoue Effects of fructose and glucose on plasma leptin, insulin, and insulin resistance in lean and VMH-lesioned obese rats Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, April 1, 2000; 278(4): E677 - E683. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. J. Kieffer and J. F. Habener The adipoinsular axis: effects of leptin on pancreatic beta -cells Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, January 1, 2000; 278(1): E1 - E14. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Attoub, S. Levasseur, M. Buyse, H. Goïot, J.-P. Laigneau, L. Moizo, F. Hervatin, Y. Le Marchand-Brustel, J. M. M. Lewin, and A. Bado Physiological Role of Cholecystokinin B/Gastrin Receptor in Leptin Secretion Endocrinology, October 1, 1999; 140(10): 4406 - 4410. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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L. Poretsky, N. A. Cataldo, Z. Rosenwaks, and L. C. Giudice The Insulin-Related Ovarian Regulatory System in Health and Disease Endocr. Rev., August 1, 1999; 20(4): 535 - 582. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. Hanaki, D. J. Becker, and S. A. Arslanian Leptin Before and After Insulin Therapy in Children with New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 1999; 84(5): 1524 - 1526. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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H. Rau, B. J. Reaves, S. O’Rahilly, and J. P. Whitehead Truncated Human Leptin ({Delta}133) Associated with Extreme Obesity Undergoes Proteasomal Degradation after Defective Intracellular Transport Endocrinology, April 1, 1999; 140(4): 1718 - 1723. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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A. Suga, T. Hirano, S. Inoue, M. Tsuji, T. Osaka, Y. Namba, M. Miura, and M. Adachi Plasma leptin levels and triglyceride secretion rates in VMH-lesioned obese rats: a role of adiposity Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, April 1, 1999; 276(4): E650 - E657. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. Seufert, T. J. Kieffer, C. A. Leech, G. G. Holz, W. Moritz, C. Ricordi, and J. F. Habener Leptin Suppression of Insulin Secretion and Gene Expression in Human Pancreatic Islets: Implications for the Development of Adipogenic Diabetes Mellitus J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 1999; 84(2): 670 - 676. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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J. M. Bryson, J. L. Phuyal, D. R. Proctor, S. C. Blair, I. D. Caterson, and G. J. Cooney Plasma insulin rise precedes rise in ob mRNA expression and plasma leptin in gold thioglucose-obese mice Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, February 1, 1999; 276(2): E358 - E364. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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X. Casabiell, V. Piñeiro, R. Peino, M. Lage, J. Camiña, R. Gallego, L. G. Vallejo, C. Dieguez, and F. F. Casanueva Gender Differences in Both Spontaneous and Stimulated Leptin Secretion by Human Omental Adipose Tissue in Vitro: Dexamethasone and Estradiol Stimulate Leptin Release in Women, But Not in Men J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 1998; 83(6): 2149 - 2155. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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C. Roh, R. Roduit, B. Thorens, S. Fried, and K. V. Kandror Lipoprotein Lipase and Leptin Are Accumulated in Different Secretory Compartments in Rat Adipocytes J. Biol. Chem., September 14, 2001; 276(38): 35990 - 35994. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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