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Departments of Oral Pathology (K.K., Y.G., S.Y., H.K., T.Y., A.Y.) and Biochemistry (T.S.), School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo 142, Japan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery (K.K., H.N.), Kagawa Medical School, Kagawa 76107, Japan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery (T.N.), School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka 807, Japan; Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.Y., T.T.), Osaka University, Osaka 565, Japan; Department of Medicine III (T.K.), Osaka University Medical School, Osaka 565, Japan; and Department of Orthopedic Surgery (T.Y.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Akira Yamaguchi, Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 15-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142, Japan. E-mail: akirayam{at}dent.showa-u.ac.jp
Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-11, leukemia inhibitory factor, and oncostatin M similarly induce osteoclast formation in cocultures of osteoblastic cells and bone marrow cells. These cytokines share a common signal transducer, gp130, which forms a receptor complex with the specific receptor for each cytokine. To investigate the role of gp130 in osteoclast development, we examined bone tissues in gp130-deficient and wild-type newborn mice of the ICR background. Soft x-ray radiographs and microfocus x-ray computed tomographs revealed that bone marrow cavities were present in tibiae and radii of both wild-type and gp130-deficient mice. Microfocus x-ray computed tomography and histological examination demonstrated a decrease in the amount of trabeculae at the metaphysial region in tibiae and radii of the gp130-deficient mice compared with the wild-type mice. The number of osteoclasts in gp130-deficient mice was about double that in the wild-type mice. There were no apparent differences in the distributions of alkaline phosphatase-positive osteoblasts and the osteoid surface on the trabecular bone at the metaphysial region between the wild-type and gp130-deficient mice. The volume of mineralized trabecular bones was also decreased at mandibulae, accompanied by the increased number of osteoclasts in gp130-deficient mice compared with the wild-type and heterozygous mice. These results suggest that the formation of osteoclasts is not solely dependent on gp130 signaling, at least during fetal development. The osteoclastic bone resorption in gp130-deficient mice may be caused by the functional redundancy of bone-resorbing hormones and cytokines other than those of the IL-6 family.
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