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Endocrinology Vol. 138, No. 2 594-601
Copyright © 1997 by The Endocrine Society

Articles

Effect of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Pulse Frequency on Serum and Pituitary Concentrations of Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, GnRH Receptors, and Messenger Ribonucleic Acid for Gonadotropin Subunits in Cows1

J. A. Vizcarra, R. P. Wettemann, T. D. Braden, A. M. Turzillo and T. M. Nett

Animal Science Department, Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station (J.A.V., R.P.W.), Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078-0425; the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University (T.D.B.), Auburn, Alabama 36849-5520; the Department of Physiology, Colorado State University (A.M.T., T.M.N.), Fort Collins, Colorado 80523

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Robert P. Wettemann, Animal Science Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078. E-mail rpw{at}okway.okstate.edu

Thirty-two nutritionally anestrous cows were used to determine the effect of the frequency of exogenous GnRH pulses on ovarian follicular growth, serum concentrations of LH and FSH, and concentrations of LH, FSH, GnRH receptors (GnRH-R), messenger RNA (mRNA) for GnRH-R, and mRNA for gonadotropin subunits in the pituitary. Cows were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: 2 µg GnRH infused (iv) continuously during 1 h, 2 µg GnRH infused during 5 min once every hour, 2 µg GnRH infused during 5 min once every fourth hour, or saline (control) for 13 days. Infusion of GnRH every hour increased LH concentrations in serum (P < 0.05), but FSH concentrations were not affected by GnRH infusion. Luteal activity (LA) was assessed by the presence of corpora lutea and/or serum progesterone greater than 1 ng/ml. Six of eight cows infused with GnRH every hour had LA by day 13, whereas only 25% of cows infused either continuously or with a pulse every fourth hour had LA by day 13. None of the control cows had LA during the experiment (P < 0.01). Concentrations of LH and FSH in the pituitary were significantly reduced when GnRH was infused hourly or continuously. Concentrations of common {alpha} and FSHß mRNA were not influenced by treatment. However, continuous infusion of GnRH decreased (P < 0.05) LHß mRNA subunit. Concentrations of GnRH-R (P < 0.1) and GnRH-R mRNA (P < 0.05) were reduced when GnRH was infused continuously. We concluded that pulsatile secretion of LH is necessary for follicular growth and LA in beef cattle, and GnRH treatment differentially regulates LH and FSH gene transcription and serum concentrations of LH and FSH in cattle.




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