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Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB2 4AT, United Kingdom
Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Allan E. Herbison, Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB2 4AT, United Kingdom. E-mail: allan.herbison{at}bbsrc.ac.uk
The neural components underlying the influence of photoperiod upon
reproductive functioning are poorly understood. In this study, we have
used immunocytochemistry to examine whether changes in photoperiod may
influence specific neuronal cell populations implicated in mediating
gonadal steroid feedback actions on GnRH neurons. Short day (SD)
exposed ewes in the midluteal stage of the estrous cycle and long day
(LD) anestrous ewes were perfused in pairs and hypothalamic brain
sections immunostained for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), neuropeptide Y
(NPY), ß-endorphin (ßE), and the estrogen receptor (ER). The number
of ER-immunoreactive cells detected within the preoptic area, but not
the hypothalamus, was approximately 20% higher (P
< 0.05) in LD ewes compared with SD animals. The numbers of
TH-immunoreactive neurons comprising the A12, A14, and A15 cell groups
were not different between LD and SD ewes, and the percentage of A12
(
15%) and A14 (25%) neurons expressing ERs was similarly
unaffected by photoperiod. The number of ßE neurons detected in the
arcuate nucleus was 50% lower (P < 0.05) in SD
vs. LD ewes, whereas NPY-immunoreactive cell numbers in
the median eminence were 300% higher (P < 0.05).
Approximately 3% of NPY neurons in the median eminence, and 10% in
the arcuate nucleus, expressed ER immunoreactivity in a
photoperiod-independent manner. These studies indicate that changes in
photoperiod may regulate ER expression within the preoptic area and
suggest that hypothalamic NPY and ßE neurons are involved in the
seasonal regulation of reproductive activity in the ewe.
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M.-L. Goubillon, R. A. Forsdike, J. E. Robinson, P. Ciofi, A. Caraty, and A. E. Herbison Identification of Neurokinin B-Expressing Neurons as an Highly Estrogen-Receptive, Sexually Dimorphic Cell Group in the Ovine Arcuate Nucleus Endocrinology, November 1, 2000; 141(11): 4218 - 4225. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. J. Scott, A. J. Tilbrook, D. M. Simmons, J. A. Rawson, S. Chu, P. J. Fuller, N. H. Ing, and I. J. Clarke The Distribution of Cells Containing Estrogen Receptor-{alpha} (ER{alpha}) and ER{beta} Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in the Preoptic Area and Hypothalamus of the Sheep: Comparison of Males and Females Endocrinology, August 1, 2000; 141(8): 2951 - 2962. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Caraty, C. Fabre-Nys, B. Delaleu, A. Locatelli, G. Bruneau, F. J. Karsch, and A. Herbison Evidence That the Mediobasal Hypothalamus Is the Primary Site of Action of Estradiol in Inducing the Preovulatory Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Surge in the Ewe Endocrinology, April 1, 1998; 139(4): 1752 - 1760. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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