help button home button Endocrine Society Endocrinology
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Request Copyright Permission
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Todd, J. F.
Right arrow Articles by Bloom, S. R.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Todd, J. F.
Right arrow Articles by Bloom, S. R.
Endocrinology Vol. 139, No. 10 4222-4229
Copyright © 1998 by The Endocrine Society

ARTICLES

Galanin Is a Paracrine Inhibitor of Gonadotroph Function in the Female Rat

J. F. Todd1, C. J. Small2, K. O. Akinsanya, S. A. Stanley1, D. M. Smith and S. R. Bloom

Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Endocrine Unit, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 ONN, United Kingdom

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Professor S. R. Bloom, ICSM Endocrine Unit, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 ONN, United Kingdom. E-mail: sbloom{at}rpms.ac.uk

Recent evidence suggests that pituitary galanin synthesized in the lactotroph is a paracrine regulator of lactotroph proliferation and PRL secretion and that these effects are mediated via a pituitary-specific galanin receptor, GAL-R2(orig.). At this receptor subtype, the galanin fragment 3–29 is fully active, in contrast to both the cloned GAL-R1 and GAL-R2, at which this fragment is inactive. Since paracrine communication has been demonstrated between pituitary gonadotrophs and lactotrophs, we investigated the hypothesis that galanin is also a paracrine regulator of gonadotroph function. Galanin attenuated LHRH-stimulated LH release in a dose-dependent manner in monodispersed rat anterior pituitaries harvested at proestrus (LHRH 100 nM, 10.7 ± 0.2 ng/ml-1·4 h vs. LHRH 100 nM + 1 µM porcine galanin (pGal), 7.0 ± 0.2 ng/ml-1·4 h; P < 0.01; i.e. 37% reduction). Galanin had similar suppressive effects on FSH release. Galanin, also dose-dependently, attenuated the LHRH-stimulated LH release from perifused proestrous rat pituitary fragments. pGal (1 µM) reduced the stimulated LH release by 80%, [area under the curve (AUC), LHRH 100 nM, 713 ± 149 vs. LHRH 100 nM + 1 µM pGal, 131 ± 7 ng/min·ml-1·4 h; P < 0.02]. In addition, galanin 3–29, the specific GAL-R2(orig.) receptor agonist, inhibited LHRH-stimulated LH release from perifused proestrous rat pituitary fragments [AUC, LHRH 100 nM, 642 ± 77 ng/min·ml-1 vs. LHRH 100 nM + pGal 1–29, 206 ± 44 ng/min·ml-1 (P < 0.02); and LHRH 100 nM + pGal 3–29, 310 ± 19 ng/min·ml-1 (P < 0.02)]. Immunoblockade with specific galanin antiserum potentiated the LHRH-stimulated release of LH by 48% from perifused proestrous rat pituitary fragments (AUC, LHRH 100 nM + galanin antiserum, 721 ± 65 ng/min·ml-1 vs. LHRH 100 nM alone or with nonimmune antiserum, 489 ± 33 ng/min·ml-1 or 545 ± 46 ng/min·ml-1, P < 0.05). This data suggests that galanin may act as a paracrine agent via the pituitary-specific GAL-R2(orig.) to inhibit gonadotroph function.




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 DiabetesHome page
A. G. Stoyanovitch, M. A. Johnson, D. K. Clifton, R. A. Steiner, and G. S. Fraley
Galanin-Like Peptide Rescues Reproductive Function in the Diabetic Rat
Diabetes, August 1, 2005; 54(8): 2471 - 2476.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ReproductionHome page
S. J Winters and J. P Moore
Intra-pituitary regulation of gonadotrophs in male rodents and primates
Reproduction, July 1, 2004; 128(1): 13 - 23.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
G. Kuriyama, S. Takekoshi, K. Tojo, Y. Nakai, M. J. Kuhar, and R. Y. Osamura
Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Peptide in the Rat Anterior Pituitary Gland Is Localized in Gonadotrophs and Suppresses Prolactin Secretion
Endocrinology, May 1, 2004; 145(5): 2542 - 2550.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
A. Seth, S. Stanley, P. Jethwa, J. Gardiner, M. Ghatei, and S. Bloom
Galanin-Like Peptide Stimulates the Release of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone in Vitro and May Mediate the Effects of Leptin on the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis
Endocrinology, February 1, 2004; 145(2): 743 - 750.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
Y. Q. Wang, R. Yuan, Y.-P. Sun, T.-J. Lee, and G. V. Shah
Antiproliferative Action of Calcitonin on Lactotrophs of the Rat Anterior Pituitary Gland: Evidence for the Involvement of Transforming Growth Factor {beta}1 in Calcitonin Action
Endocrinology, May 1, 2003; 144(5): 2164 - 2171.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
C. L. Splett, J. R. Scheffen, J. A. Desotelle, V. Plamann, and A. C. Bauer-Dantoin
Galanin Enhancement of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone-Stimulated Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Female Rats Is Estrogen Dependent
Endocrinology, February 1, 2003; 144(2): 484 - 490.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Biol. Reprod.Home page
J. R. Scheffen, C. L. Splett, J. A. Desotelle, and A. C. Bauer-Dantoin
Testosterone-Dependent Effects of Galanin on Pituitary Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Male Rats
Biol Reprod, February 1, 2003; 68(2): 363 - 369.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
S. H. Russell, C. J. Small, A. R. Kennedy, S. A. Stanley, A. Seth, K. G. Murphy, S. Taheri, M. A. Ghatei, and S. R. Bloom
Orexin A Interactions in the Hypothalamo-Pituitary Gonadal Axis
Endocrinology, December 1, 2001; 142(12): 5294 - 5302.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
H. L. Ward, C. J. Small, K. G. Murphy, A. R. Kennedy, M. A. Ghatei, and S. R. Bloom
The Actions of Tuberoinfundibular Peptide on the Hypothalamo-Pituitary Axes
Endocrinology, August 1, 2001; 142(8): 3451 - 3456.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DiabetesHome page
C. J. Small, M. S. Kim, S. A. Stanley, J. R.D. Mitchell, K. Murphy, D. G.A. Morgan, M. A. Ghatei, and S. R. Bloom
Effects of Chronic Central Nervous System Administration of Agouti-Related Protein in Pair-Fed Animals
Diabetes, February 1, 2001; 50(2): 248 - 254.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Mol. Cell. Biol.Home page
G. R. Williams
Cloning and Characterization of Two Novel Thyroid Hormone Receptor beta Isoforms
Mol. Cell. Biol., November 15, 2000; 20(22): 8329 - 8342.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Endocr. Rev.Home page
J. Schwartz
Intercellular Communication in the Anterior Pituitary
Endocr. Rev., October 1, 2000; 21(5): 488 - 513.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
J. F. Todd, C. M. B. Edwards, M. A. Ghatei, and S. R. Bloom
The differential effects of galanin-(1---30) and -(3---30) on anterior pituitary hormone secretion in vivo in humans
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, June 1, 2000; 278(6): E1060 - E1066.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
C. Invitti, F. P. Giraldi, A. Dubini, P. Moroni, M. Losa, R. Piccoletti, and F. Cavagnini
Galanin Is Released by Adrenocorticotropin-Secreting Pituitary Adenomas in Vivo and in Vitro
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 1999; 84(4): 1351 - 1356.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Endocrinology Endocrine Reviews J. Clin. End. & Metab.
Molecular Endocrinology Recent Prog. Horm. Res. All Endocrine Journals
Copyright © 1998 by The Endocrine Society