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Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Xenopus Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor: Its Role in Mediating Insulin-Induced Xenopus Oocyte Maturation and Expression during Embryogenesis¹

Ottawa Civic Hospital Loeb Research Institute, Ottawa Civic Hospital; and Department of Biochemistry (S.F., X.J.L.) and Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology (X.J.L.), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1Y 4E9, Canada

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Johné Liu, Ottawa Civic Hospital Loeb Research Institute, Ottawa Civic Hospital, 1053 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, K1Y 4E9, Canada. E-mail: johne{at}civich.ottawa.on.ca

We have cloned a complementary DNA encoding the putative Xenopus insulin-like growth factor-1 (xIGF-1) receptor. Injection of messenger RNA derived from the cloned complementary DNA into Xenopus oocytes resulted in the expression and correct processing of the receptor’s - and ß-subunits. Using antibodies generated against protein expressed against the cloned sequence, we demonstrated that the endogenous xIGF-1 receptor in Xenopus oocytes was activated by nanomolar concentrations of mammalian IGF-1 and by insulin approximately 100-fold higher in concentration. This receptor activation profile correlated with hormone-induced Xenopus oocyte maturation. Furthermore, injection of a neutralizing antiinsulin receptor antibody into Xenopus oocytes inhibited hormone-induced xIGF-1 receptor activation. These results provide molecular and biochemical evidence supporting a role for xIGF-1 receptor in mediating insulin/IGF-1-induced Xenopus oocyte maturation. We also report here that embryonic transcription of xIGF-1 receptor is activated during the formation of the central nervous system in early Xenopus embryos.

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