This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Copyright Permission Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Bruhn, T. O. Articles by Jackson, I. M. D. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Bruhn, T. O. Articles by Jackson, I. M. D.

Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Gene Expression in the Anterior Pituitary. IV. Evidence for Paracrine and Autocrine Regulation

Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903; and Institut für Zellbiochemie, Universitätskrankenhaus Eppendorf, Universität Hamburg (T.O.B.), 22529 Hamburg, Germany

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Ivor M. D. Jackson, M.D., Division of Endocrinology, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02902. E-mail: ivor_jackson{at}brown.edu

Disulfiram (Dis), an inhibitor of peptidyl-glycine -amidating monooxygenase, the enzyme responsible for the production of -amidated peptides from their immediate, glycine-extended precursors was used to investigate the paracrine effects of TRH on anterior pituitary (AP) hormone secretion. It reduces the production of TRH without directly affecting the classical pituitary hormones, none of which is amidated.

Dis (8 µM) decreased the accumulation of TRH accompanied by an equimolar increase in TRH-Gly levels, indicating that pro-TRH biosynthesis persisted. TRH and TSH release into the medium was significantly lowered, whereas other pituitary hormones were unaffected. In contrast, dexamethasone (10 nM), which up-regulates TRH gene expression in this system, increased TRH (+89.5%) and TSH (+61.3%) secretion. The combination of dexamethasone and Dis further diminished the release of TRH (-73%) and TSH (-40.3%) observed with Dis alone, indicating that TRH synthesized within the AP regulates TSH secretion.

Dis significantly elevated prepro-TRH (25–50) and pro-TRH messenger RNA levels, suggesting that reduced TRH formation leads to increased pro-TRH biosynthesis and that TRH regulates its own secretion. Thus, TRH synthesized by cultured AP cells not only stimulates TSH release through a paracrine effect, but has a negative feedback on its own biosynthesis by an autocrine mechanism.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. Brede, G. Nagy, M. Philipp, J. B. Sorensen, M. J. Lohse, and L. Hein Differential Control of Adrenal and Sympathetic Catecholamine Release by {alpha}2-Adrenoceptor Subtypes Mol. Endocrinol., August 1, 2003; 17(8): 1640 - 1646. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Schwartz Intercellular Communication in the Anterior Pituitary Endocr. Rev., October 1, 2000; 21(5): 488 - 513. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. E. Freeman, B. Kanyicska, A. Lerant, and G. Nagy Prolactin: Structure, Function, and Regulation of Secretion Physiol Rev, October 1, 2000; 80(4): 1523 - 1631. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]