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Messenger Ribonucleic Acid and Protein in Human and Rat Testis
Tampere University Hospital (R.S.), Division of Pediatrics, Tampere, Finland; Institut f. Anatomie und Zellbiologie II Heidelberg (A.V.), Germany; Departments of Pediatrics and Physiology (W.Y., J.T.), University of Turku, Finland; Department of Medical Nutrition, Huddinge (J.-Å.G.), Sweden; Department of Developmental Biology, Medical School (M.P-H.), University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital (M.-P.H.), Department of Pathology, Finland
Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. M. Pelto-Huikko, Medical School, University of Tampere, P.O. Box 607, 33101 Tampere, Finland. E-mail: blmapel{at}poph.uta.fi
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 
(PPAR), a member of
the steroid hormone receptor superfamily, has been linked to lipid
homeostasis and tumorigenesis in tissues with high expression of
receptor protein. On the other hand, the role of PPAR in tissues
with a lower expression is not well known. Here we demonstrate the
localization of PPAR messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein in developing
and adult rat testis. Additionally, we demonstrate the expression of
PPAR protein in adult human testis. Our experiments with Northern
analysis, in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry
reveal a complex distribution of PPAR in tubular and interstitial
cells of both adult and developing rat testis. The overall expression
is rather low but may be modified by exogenous or endogenous stimuli.
An up-regulation of PPAR mRNA could be observed after stimulation
with FSH. In the developing rat testis, a clear expression of PPAR
mRNA was present from the first days after birth. Additionally, PPAR
mRNA and protein increased toward adulthood. In adult human testis
PPAR immunoreactivity (IR) was present in interstitial Leydig cells
and tubular cells. In the seminiferous epithelium of adult human testis
the expression of PPAR-IR could be seen in meiotic spermatocytes,
spermatids and myoid peritubular cells. The findings of our study
suggest that PPAR may be involved in the regulation of growth and
differentiation of tubular and interstitial cells in rat and human
testis.
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