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-Activated Cell Death Pathways in NIT-1 Insulinoma Cells and Primary Pancreatic ß Cells1
The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Post Office Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, 3050, Victoria, Australia
Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. T. W. H. Kay, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, P.O. Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, 3050, Australia. E-mail: kay{at}wehi.edu.au
Tumor necrosis factor-
(TNF
) is a potential mediator of ß cell
destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. We have studied
TNF-responsive pathways leading to apoptosis in ß cells. Primary ß
cells express low levels of the type I TNF receptor (TNFR1) but do not
express the type 2 receptor (TNFR2). Evidence for TNFR1 expression on
ß cells came from flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies specific
for TNFR1 and TNFR2 and from RT-PCR of ß cell RNA. NIT-1 insulinoma
cells similarly expressed TNFR1 (at higher levels than primary ß
cells) as detected by flow cytometry and radio-binding studies. TNF
induced NF-
B activation in both primary islet cells and NIT-1 cells.
Apoptosis in response to TNF
was observed in NIT-1 cells whereas
apoptosis of primary ß cells required both TNF
and interferon-
(IFN
). Apoptosis could be prevented in NIT-1 cells by expression of
dominant negative Fas-associating protein with death domain (dnFADD).
Apoptosis in NIT-1 cells was increased by coincubation with IFN
,
which also increased caspase 1 expression. These data show that
TNF-activated pathways capable of inducing apoptotic cell death are
present in ß cells. Caspase activation is the dominant pathway of
TNF-induced cell death in NIT-1 cells and may be an important mechanism
of ß cell damage in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
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