This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Copyright Permission Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Dumonteil, E. Articles by Philippe, J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Dumonteil, E. Articles by Philippe, J. Pubmed/NCBI databases Compound via MeSH Substance via MeSH Hazardous Substances DB GLUCAGON GLUCOSE

Glucose Regulates Proinsulin and Prosomatostatin But Not Proglucagon Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Levels in Rat Pancreatic Islets¹

Unité de Diabétologie Clinique (E.D., B.R.-L., J.P.), Département de Morphologie (P.M.), CMU, 1211 Geneve 4, Switzerland; and Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Nutrition (C.M., A.K.), Groupe Endocrinologie métabolique, Université Paris 7, F-75291 Paris Cedex 05, France

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Jacques Philippe, M.D., Diabetes Unit, Centre Médical Universitaire, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. E-mail: philippe{at}medecine.unige.ch

Insulin and glucagon are the major hormones involved in the control of fuel metabolism and particularly of glucose homeostasis; in turn, nutrients tightly regulate insulin and glucagon secretion from the islets of Langerhans. Nutrients have clearly been shown to affect insulin secretion, as well as insulin biosynthesis and proinsulin gene expression; by contrast, the effects of nutrients on proglucagon gene expression have not been studied. We have investigated the effect of glucose, arginine, and palmitate on glucagon release, glucagon cell content, and proglucagon messenger RNA (mRNA) levels from isolated rat islets in 24-h incubations. We report here that concentrations of glucose that clearly regulate insulin and somatostatin release as well as proinsulin and prosomatostatin mRNA levels, do not significantly affect glucagon release, glucagon cell content or proglucagon mRNA levels. In addition, though both 10 mM arginine and 1 mM palmitate strongly stimulated glucagon release, they did not affect proglucagon mRNA levels. We conclude that, in contrast to insulin and somatostatin, glucose does not affect glucagon release and proglucagon mRNA levels, and arginine and palmitate do not coordinately regulate glucagon release and proglucagon mRNA levels.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				I. Quesada, E. Tuduri, C. Ripoll, and A. Nadal Physiology of the pancreatic {alpha}-cell and glucagon secretion: role in glucose homeostasis and diabetes J. Endocrinol., October 1, 2008; 199(1): 5 - 19. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. S. Farhy, Z. Du, Q. Zeng, P. P. Veldhuis, M. L. Johnson, K. L. Brayman, and A. L. McCall Amplification of pulsatile glucagon counterregulation by switch-off of {alpha}-cell-suppressing signals in streptozotocin-treated rats Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, September 1, 2008; 295(3): E575 - E585. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Gromada, I. Franklin, and C. B. Wollheim {alpha}-Cells of the Endocrine Pancreas: 35 Years of Research but the Enigma Remains Endocr. Rev., February 1, 2007; 28(1): 84 - 116. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Wang, Y. Cao, and D. F. Steiner Regulation of Proglucagon Transcription by Activated Transcription Factor (ATF) 3 and a Novel Isoform, ATF3b, through the cAMP-response Element/ATF Site of the Proglucagon Gene Promoter J. Biol. Chem., August 29, 2003; 278(35): 32899 - 32904. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Aalinkeel, M. Srinivasan, F. Song, and M. S. Patel Programming into adulthood of islet adaptations induced by early nutritional intervention in the rat Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, September 1, 2001; 281(3): E640 - E648. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]