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Proliferation of Mouse Mammary Epithelial Cells in Vitro: Interactions among Epidermal Growth Factor, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Ovarian Hormones, and Extracellular Matrix Proteins¹

Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Sandra Z. Haslam, Ph.D., Department of Physiology, 108 Giltner Hall, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1101. E-mail: shaslam{at}pilot.msu.edu

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of extracellular matrix proteins (ECMs; collagens I and IV, fibronectin, and laminin) in modulating proliferative responses of normal mammary epithelial cells in serum-free culture to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). As EGF and IGF-I can alter steroid responses, the interactions among growth factors, estrogen, and R5020 were also investigated.

We report the novel finding that all ECMs tested, but not a nonspecific attachment factor, poly-L-lysine (PL), promoted a highly synergistic proliferative response to EGF plus IGF-I. EGF receptors were significantly increased with culture time on all ECMs, but not on PL. IGF receptor expression was significantly 2- to 4-fold higher on all ECMs compared with PL. EGF decreased IGF-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) and IGFBP-3 by more than 50% in the presence of IGF-I on PL or collagen I. These results indicate that ECM-specific IGF-I/EGF synergism occurs in response to ECM up-regulation of growth factor receptors and EGF down-regulation of inhibitory IGFBPs. Growth factors did not synergize with estrogen and/or R5020. Instead, estrogen plus R5020 decreased EGF- plus IGF-I-induced proliferation in an ECM-dependent manner. These studies demonstrate that proliferation of normal mammary epithelial cells involves complex interactions among steroids, growth factors, binding proteins, and ECMs.

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