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Prevention of Spontaneous Autoimmune Diabetes in NOD Mice by Transferring in Vitro Antigen-Pulsed Syngeneic Dendritic Cells¹

Institute of Histology and Embryology (G.P., M.G.), School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy; Institute of Microbiology (F.N.), University of Milan Bicocca, Monza (Milan), Italy; Department of Cell Biology (F.A.P.), School of Biological Sciences, University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy; Institute for Inflammation Research (K.B.), IIR7521, National University Hospital Copenhagen, Denmark

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Gianpaolo Papaccio, M.D., 21 via Giuseppe Bonito, 80129 Naples, Italy. E-mail: gpapacc{at}tin.it

To evaluate the effect of antigen-pulsed dendritic cell (DC) transfer on the development of diabetes, 5-week-old female NOD mice received a single iv injection of splenic syngeneic DC from euglycemic NOD mice pulsed in vitro with human globulin (HGG). Eleven of 12 mice were protected from the development of diabetes up to the age of 25 weeks, and the insulitis score was significantly reduced. In contrast, NOD mice receiving unpulsed splenic DCs showed histological signs of insulitis and course of type 1 diabetes similar to untreated NOD mice. Treatment with HGG-pulsed DC was associated with profound modifications of cytokine secretory capacities within the islets. Thus, supernatants of islets from these mice contained increased levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, and, to a lesser extent, interferon- and diminished levels of tumor necrosis factor- compared with controls. Because exogenous IL-4 and IL-10 exert antidiabetogenic effect in NOD mice and early blockade of endogenous tumor necrosis factor- prevents NOD mouse diabetes, these phenomena may be causally related to the antidiabetogenic effect of HGG-pulsed DC treatment.

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