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Activates Multiple Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription Proteins and Has Complex Effects on Interferon-Responsive Gene Transcription in Ovine Endometrial Epithelial Cells1
Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics, Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University (D.S., G.A.J., F.W.B., T.E.S.), and Departments of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology (C.A.V., S.H.S.) and Veterinary Anatomy and Public Health (R.C.B.), Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine, College Station, Texas 77843; and Departments of Medicine, Molecular and Cellular Biology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine (L.-Y.Y.-L.), Houston, Texas 77030
Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Thomas E. Spencer, Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics, 442 Kleberg Center, 2471 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2471. E-mail: tspencer{at}ansc.tamu.edu
Interferon-
(IFN), a type I IFN produced by sheep conceptus
trophectoderm, is the signal for maternal recognition of pregnancy.
Although it is clear that IFN suppresses transcription of the
estrogen receptor 
and oxytocin receptor genes and induces
expression of various IFN-stimulated genes within the endometrial
epithelium, little is known of the signal transduction pathway
activated by the hormone. This study determined the effects of IFN
on signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) activation,
expression, DNA binding, and transcriptional activation using an ovine
endometrial epithelial cell line. IFN induced persistent tyrosine
phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT1 and -2 (10 min to
48 h), but transient phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of
STAT3, -5a/b, and -6 (10 to <60 min). IFN increased expression of
STAT1 and -2, but not STAT3, -5a/b, and -6. IFN-stimulated gene
factor-3 and STAT1 homodimers formed and bound an IFN-stimulated
response element (ISRE) and 
-activated sequence (GAS) element,
respectively. IFN increased transcription of GAS-driven promoters at
3 h, but suppressed their activity at 24 h. In contrast, the
activity of an ISRE-driven promoter was increased at 3 and 24 h.
These results indicate that IFN activates multiple STATs and has
differential effects on ISRE- and GAS-driven gene transcription.
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Y. Chen, E. Antoniou, Z. Liu, L. B Hearne, and R M. Roberts A microarray analysis for genes regulated by interferon-{tau} in ovine luminal epithelial cells Reproduction, July 1, 2007; 134(1): 123 - 135. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Bauersachs, S. E Ulbrich, K. Gross, S. E M Schmidt, H. H D Meyer, H. Wenigerkind, M. Vermehren, F. Sinowatz, H. Blum, and E. Wolf Embryo-induced transcriptome changes in bovine endometrium reveal species-specific and common molecular markers of uterine receptivity. Reproduction, August 1, 2006; 132(2): 319 - 331. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Song, F. W. Bazer, G. F. Wagner, and T. E. Spencer Stanniocalcin (STC) in the Endometrial Glands of the Ovine Uterus: Regulation by Progesterone and Placental Hormones Biol Reprod, May 1, 2006; 74(5): 913 - 922. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. Klein, S. Bauersachs, S. E. Ulbrich, R. Einspanier, H. H.D. Meyer, S. E.M. Schmidt, H.-D. Reichenbach, M. Vermehren, F. Sinowatz, H. Blum, et al. Monozygotic Twin Model Reveals Novel Embryo-Induced Transcriptome Changes of Bovine Endometrium in the Preattachment Period Biol Reprod, February 1, 2006; 74(2): 253 - 264. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. Hu and T. E. Spencer Carbonic Anhydrase Regulate Endometrial Gland Development in the Neonatal Uterus Biol Reprod, July 1, 2005; 73(1): 131 - 138. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 O. Sandra, I. Bataillon, P. Roux, J. Martal, G. Charpigny, P. Reinaud, P. Bolifraud, G. Germain, and K. H Al-Gubory Suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) genes are expressed in the endometrium and regulated by conceptus signals during early pregnancy in the ewe J. Mol. Endocrinol., June 1, 2005; 34(3): 637 - 644. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. M. Joyce, F. J. White, R. C. Burghardt, J. J. Muniz, T. E. Spencer, F. W. Bazer, and G. A. Johnson Interferon Stimulated Gene 15 Conjugates to Endometrial Cytosolic Proteins and Is Expressed at the Uterine-Placental Interface throughout Pregnancy in Sheep Endocrinology, February 1, 2005; 146(2): 675 - 684. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. Nagaoka, A. Sakai, H. Nojima, Y. Suda, Y. Yokomizo, K. Imakawa, S. Sakai, and R. K. Christenson A Chemokine, Interferon (IFN)-{gamma}-Inducible Protein 10 kDa, Is Stimulated by IFN-{tau} and Recruits Immune Cells in the Ovine Endometrium Biol Reprod, April 1, 2003; 68(4): 1413 - 1421. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. D. Carpenter, C. A. Gray, S. Noel, A. Gertler, F. W. Bazer, and T. E. Spencer Prolactin Regulation of Neonatal Ovine Uterine Gland Morphogenesis Endocrinology, January 1, 2003; 144(1): 110 - 120. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 A. Spagnoli, M. Torello, S. R. Nagalla, W. A. Horton, P. Pattee, V. Hwa, F. Chiarelli, C. T. Roberts Jr., and R. G. Rosenfeld Identification of STAT-1 as a Molecular Target of IGFBP-3 in the Process of Chondrogenesis J. Biol. Chem., May 17, 2002; 277(21): 18860 - 18867. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. D. Stewart, Y. Choi, G. A. Johnson, L.-y. Yu-Lee, F. W. Bazer, and T. E. Spencer Roles of Stat1, Stat2, and Interferon Regulatory Factor-9 (IRF-9) in Interferon Tau Regulation of IRF-1 Biol Reprod, February 1, 2002; 66(2): 393 - 400. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Y. Choi, G. A. Johnson, R. C. Burghardt, L. R. Berghman, M. M. Joyce, K. M. Taylor, M. David Stewart, F. W. Bazer, and T. E. Spencer Interferon Regulatory Factor-Two Restricts Expression of Interferon-Stimulated Genes to the Endometrial Stroma and Glandular Epithelium of the Ovine Uterus Biol Reprod, October 1, 2001; 65(4): 1038 - 1049. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J.-A. G. W. Fleming, Y. Choi, G. A. Johnson, T. E. Spencer, and F. W. Bazer Cloning of the Ovine Estrogen Receptor-{{alpha}} Promoter and Functional Regulation by Ovine Interferon-{{tau}} Endocrinology, July 1, 2001; 142(7): 2879 - 2887. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. Ka, L. A. Jaeger, G. A. Johnson, T. E. Spencer, and F. W. Bazer Keratinocyte Growth Factor Is Up-Regulated by Estrogen in the Porcine Uterine Endometrium and Functions in Trophectoderm Cell Proliferation and Differentiation Endocrinology, June 1, 2001; 142(6): 2303 - 2310. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. D. Stewart, G. A. Johnson, F. W. Bazer, and T. E. Spencer Interferon-{{tau}} (IFN{{tau}}) Regulation of IFN-Stimulated Gene Expression in Cell Lines Lacking Specific IFN-Signaling Components Endocrinology, May 1, 2001; 142(5): 1786 - 1794. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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G. A. Johnson, M. D. Stewart, C. Allison Gray, Y. Choi, R. C. Burghardt, L.-Y. Yu-Lee, F. W. Bazer, and T. E. Spencer Effects of the Estrous Cycle, Pregnancy, and Interferon Tau on 2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase Expression in the Ovine Uterus Biol Reprod, May 1, 2001; 64(5): 1392 - 1399. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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