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Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (C.M.K., T.E.C.), Chandler Medical Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0298; and Institut de Biologie Animale (O.B., W.W.), Université de Lausanne, CH-1050 Lausanne, Switzerland
Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to Carolyn M. Komar, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chandler Medical Center, 800 Rose Street, Room MS 331, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0298. E-mail: ckomar{at}uky.edu
PPARs are a family of nuclear hormone receptors involved in various
processes that could influence ovarian function. We investigated the
cellular localization and expression of PPARs during follicular
development in ovarian tissue collected from rats 0, 6, 12, 24, and
48 h post-PMSG. A second group of animals received human CG (hCG)
48 h post-PMSG. Their ovaries were removed 0, 4, 8, 12, and
24 h post-hCG to study the periovulatory period. mRNAs
corresponding to the PPAR isotypes (
, 
, and 
) were localized
by in situ hybridization. Changes in the levels of mRNA
for the PPARs were determined by ribonuclease protection
assays.
PPAR mRNA was localized primarily to granulosa cells, and levels of
expression did not change during follicular development. Four hours
post-hCG, levels of mRNA for PPAR decreased (P
< 0.05) but not uniformly in all follicles. At 24 h post-hCG,
levels of PPAR mRNA were reduced 64%, but some follicles maintained
high expression. In contrast, mRNAs for PPAR and were located
primarily in theca and stroma, and their levels did not change during
the intervals studied. To investigate the physiologic significance of
PPAR in the ovary, granulosa cells from PMSG-primed rats were
cultured for 48 h with prostaglandin J2
(PGJ2) and ciglitazone, PPAR activators. Both compounds
increased progesterone and E2 secretion (P <
0.05).
These data suggest that PPAR is involved in follicular development,
has a negative influence on the luteinization of granulosa cells,
and/or regulates the periovulatory shift in steroid production. The
more general and steady expression of PPARs and indicate that
they may play a role in basal ovarian function.
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