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Endocrinology Vol. 142, No. 5 1720-1726
Copyright © 2001 by The Endocrine Society

ARTICLES

Dietary Phosphorus Deprivation Induces 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1{alpha}-Hydroxylase Gene Expression1

Tadashi Yoshida, Noriko Yoshida, Toshiaki Monkawa, Matsuhiko Hayashi and Takao Saruta

Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Matsuhiko Hayashi, M.D., Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan. E-mail: matuhiko{at}mc.med.keio.ac.jp

Dietary phosphorus deprivation causes hypophosphatemia and an increase in serum 1{alpha},25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3] concentrations. To determine the molecular mechanisms of this regulation, the effects of dietary phosphorus deprivation and hypophysectomy on 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1{alpha}-hydroxylase (1{alpha}-hydroxylase) protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression were examined in rats. A low phosphorus diet (LPD) for 4 days resulted in hypophosphatemia and an increase in serum 1,25-(OH)2D3 levels. This increase was caused by the induction of 1{alpha}-hydroxylase protein and mRNA expression (4- and 10-fold increases, respectively). Administration of the LPD or normal phosphorus diet to hypophysectomized (HPX) rats resulted in hypophosphatemia and suppression of 1{alpha}-hydroxylase gene expression, indicating that hypophosphatemia itself is not sufficient to induce 1{alpha}-hydroxylase mRNA expression. Administration of GH to HPX rats fed LPD could partially restore 1{alpha}-hydroxylase mRNA expression, whereas supplementation with insulin-like growth factor I, T3, estrogen, or corticosterone had no effect. We also examined Phex gene expression in the bone, because the clinical features of X-linked hypophosphatemia resemble those of HPX rats. Phex mRNA expression, however, was not altered in HPX rats. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the increase in serum 1,25-(OH)2D3 levels caused by dietary phosphorus deprivation is due to the induction of 1{alpha}-hydroxylase mRNA expression, and this increase is mediated in part by a GH-dependent mechanism.




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