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Endocrinology Vol. 142, No. 7 2906-2915
Copyright © 2001 by The Endocrine Society

ARTICLES

Polymorphic Forms of Expressed Bovine Interferon-{tau} Genes: Relative Transcript Abundance during Early Placental Development, Promoter Sequences of Genes and Biological Activity of Protein Products1

Alan D. Ealy2,3, Sandra F. Larson2,3,5, Limin Liu2,3, Andrei P. Alexenko, Gail L. Winkelman4, H. Michael Kubisch2, James A. Bixby and R. Michael Roberts

Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. R. Michael Roberts, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, 158 Animal Science Research Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211-5300. E-mail: robertsrm{at}missouri.edu

Multiple interferon (IFN)-{tau} genes exist in cattle, but it has remained unclear how many are expressed, the extent of their variation, and whether different genes exhibit similar patterns of expression and code for proteins with similar biological activities. A total of 118 complementary DNA (cDNA) were bi-directionally sequenced from reverse-transcribed bovine (bo) conceptus RNA over the period from blastocyst formation until day 25 of pregnancy. Fourteen different cDNAs, encoding eight different IFN-{tau}, were confirmed unique. All showed high sequence conservation (>98% nucleotide identity; >96% amino acid identity). The cDNA fell into three, recently evolved, phylogenetic groups ({tau}1, 2, and 3). Mean concentrations of IFN-{tau} messenger RNA were greater at day 17 and day 19 than at day 14 and day 25, with different genes showing comparable expression patterns, although there appeared to be a major bias in expression of two genes (for boIFN-{tau}1c and {tau}3a) in blastocysts. Genes representing members of the three boIFN-{tau} groups were cloned. Their promoter regions were conserved over regions considered important for transcriptional activation. Recombinant protein generated in Escherichia coli from representative genes in the three groups had similar but not identical antiviral activities. In summary, many IFN-{tau} genes, which are probably under similar transcriptional control, are expressed in bovine trophoblast during the peri-implantation period of development.




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