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Endocrinology Vol. 143, No. 2 717-725
Copyright © 2002 by The Endocrine Society

REPRODUCTION-DEVELOPMENT

Novel Expression and Functional Role of Ghrelin in Rat Testis

M. Tena-Sempere, M. L. Barreiro, L. C. González, F. Gaytán, F.-P. Zhang, J. E. Caminos, L. Pinilla, F. F. Casanueva, C. Diéguez and E. Aguilar

Departments of Physiology (M.T.-S., M.L.B., L.C.G., L.P., E.G.) and Cell Biology (F.G.), University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; Department of Physiology (F.-P.Z.), University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland; and Departments of Physiology (J.E.C., C.D.) and Medicine (F.F.C.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. M. Tena-Sempere, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Córdoba, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain. E-mail: fi1tesem{at}lucano.uco.es

Ghrelin, the endogenous ligand for the GH-secretagogue receptor (GHS-R), is a recently cloned peptide, primarily expressed in the stomach and hypothalamus, that acts at central levels to elicit GH release and, notably, to regulate food intake. However, the possibility of additional, as yet unknown, peripheral effects of ghrelin cannot be ruled out. In the present communication, we provide evidence for the novel expression of ghrelin and its functional receptor in rat testis. Testicular ghrelin gene expression was demonstrated throughout postnatal development, and ghrelin protein was detected in Leydig cells from adult testis specimens. Accordingly, ghrelin mRNA signal became undetectable in rat testis following selective Leydig cell elimination. In addition, testicular expression of the gene encoding the cognate ghrelin receptor was observed from the infantile period to adulthood, with the GHS-R mRNA being persistently expressed after selective withdrawal of mature Leydig cells. From a functional standpoint, ghrelin, in a dose-dependent manner, induced an average 30% inhibition of human CG- and cAMP-stimulated T secretion in vitro. This inhibitory effect was associated with significant decreases in human CG-stimulated expression levels of the mRNAs encoding steroid acute regulatory protein, and P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage, 3ß-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase, and 17ß-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase type III enzymes. Overall, our data are the first to provide evidence for a possible direct action of ghrelin in the control of testicular function. Furthermore, the present results underscore an unexpected role of ghrelin as signal with ability to potentially modulate not only growth and body weight homeostasis but also reproductive function, a phenomenon also demonstrated recently for the adipocyte-derived hormone, leptin.




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Expression of Ghrelin in the Cyclic and Pregnant Rat Ovary
Endocrinology, April 1, 2003; 144(4): 1594 - 1602.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
N. Moller, J. Nygren, T. K. Hansen, H. Orskov, J. Frystyk, and K. S. Nair
Splanchnic Release of Ghrelin in Humans
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2003; 88(2): 850 - 852.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
F. Gaytan, M. L. Barreiro, L. K. Chopin, A. C. Herington, C. Morales, L. Pinilla, F. F. Casanueva, E. Aguilar, C. Dieguez, and M. Tena-Sempere
Immunolocalization of Ghrelin and Its Functional Receptor, the Type 1a Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor, in the Cyclic Human Ovary
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2003; 88(2): 879 - 887.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
U. Pagotto, A. Gambineri, V. Vicennati, M. L. Heiman, M. Tschop, and R. Pasquali
Plasma Ghrelin, Obesity, and the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Correlation with Insulin Resistance and Androgen Levels
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 2002; 87(12): 5625 - 5629.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Biol. Reprod.Home page
M.L. Barreiro, F. Gaytan, J.E. Caminos, L. Pinilla, F.F. Casanueva, E. Aguilar, C. Dieguez, and M. Tena-Sempere
Cellular Location and Hormonal Regulation of Ghrelin Expression in Rat Testis
Biol Reprod, December 1, 2002; 67(6): 1768 - 1776.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
H. Iwakura, K. Hosoda, R. Doi, I. Komoto, H. Nishimura, C. Son, J. Fujikura, T. Tomita, K. Takaya, Y. Ogawa, et al.
Ghrelin Expression in Islet Cell Tumors: Augmented Expression of Ghrelin in a Case of Glucagonoma with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasm Type I
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2002; 87(11): 4885 - 4888.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Histochem. Cytochem.Home page
M. Volante, E. Fulcheri, E. Allia, M. Cerrato, A. Pucci, and M. Papotti
Ghrelin Expression in Fetal, Infant, and Adult Human Lung
J. Histochem. Cytochem., August 1, 2002; 50(8): 1013 - 1021.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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