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Characterization and Expression of Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein and MLN64 cDNAs in Trout

Department of Zoology (M.K., H.J.M., G.Y.), University of Otago, Dunedin 9001, New Zealand; Sado Marine Biological Station (T.T.), Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Sado Island, Niigata 952-2135, Japan; Department of Biological Sciences (F.W.G.), University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-0369

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Graham Young, Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9001, New Zealand. E-mail: . graham.young{at}stonebow.otago.ac.nz

Complementary DNA-encoding proteins with high homology to steroidogenic acute regulatory proteins (StAR) of mammals were cloned from rainbow trout head kidney and a mixture of several brook trout tissues. A cDNA encoding an MLN64 homolog was also cloned from brook trout. The C-terminal domains of rainbow trout StAR and brook trout StAR were very highly conserved compared with StAR of mammals. In rainbow trout, Northern and RT-PCR analyses showed abundant StAR transcripts in head kidney, ovary, and testis, and weaker signals were found in intestine, pyloric caeca, spleen, and kidney. Brief acute stress resulted in elevated plasma cortisol levels and a 2-fold increase in rainbow trout StAR transcripts in head kidneys sampled 3 h after exposure to the stressor. In brook trout, StAR transcripts were detected only in known steroidogenic tissues. Ovarian brook trout StAR mRNA was not seen until the onset of final maturation. Its abundance increased during germinal vesicle breakdown, peaked during and just following ovulation, and decreased by 2 wk post ovulation. Brook trout MLN64 transcripts were found in all tissues tested, and transcript abundance in ovarian samples did not vary during final oocyte maturation and ovulation. Both StAR structure and function appear to be highly conserved throughout the vertebrates.

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