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Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Amplifies Insulin-Like Growth Factor I-Mediated Activation of AKT/Protein Kinase B Signaling in Immature Rat Sertoli Cells

Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (S.A.K., L.P.), Lubbock, Texas 79430; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Women’s Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center (L.N., J.S.D.), Wichita, Kansas 67214; Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University (L.J.S.), Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078; and Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center (J.S.D.), Omaha, Nebraska 68198

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Shafiq A. Khan, Ph.D., Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, Texas 79430. E-mail: . shafiq.khan{at}ttmc.ttuhsc.edu

FSH and IGF-I are both important determinants of testicular development and Sertoli cell function. The present studies were performed to determine the actions of FSH and IGF-I on PI3K/AKT protein kinase signaling in immature rat Sertoli cells. Primary cultures of rat Sertoli cells were prepared from 10-d-old rats. After 7 d in culture, Sertoli cells were treated with IGF-I, FSH, or IGF-I plus FSH. In some experiments cultures were treated with 8-bromo-cAMP (40 µM), (Bu)₂cAMP (40 µM), or forskolin (10 µM). After treatments, cell lysates were prepared, and the activation state of AKT and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) was determined by Western blot analysis using phosphorylation site-specific antibodies. IGF-I had little effect on CREB phosphorylation, but rapidly increased the phosphorylation of AKT in a concentration-dependent manner. Maximal stimulatory effects of IGF-I were observed at 10–20 ng/ml. Treatment with FSH (0.9 IU/ml) or forskolin for 20 min increased CREB phosphorylation, but had little effect on AKT phosphorylation. However, FSH caused a concentration-dependent increase in IGF-I-induced AKT phosphorylation. Longer incubations (1–4 h) with FSH alone resulted in the elevation of AKT phosphorylation concomitant with an increased secretion of IGF-I and decreased production of IGF-binding protein-3, implicating endogenous IGF-I in the action of FSH on AKT phosphorylation. IGF-I- and FSH-dependent AKT phosphorylation was inhibited by LY29400 (10 µM), a PI3K inhibitor, and by IGF-binding protein 3, but not by a PKA inhibitor (H89). The present study demonstrates that immature rat Sertoli cells possess multiple protein kinase signaling cascades that are regulated by FSH. Furthermore, FSH amplifies IGF-I-mediated PI3K/AKT signaling in Sertoli cells. The results provide evidence for intracellular signaling mechanisms that may be required for the proliferation and differentiation of Sertoli cells.

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