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REPRODUCTION-DEVELOPMENT |
B (NF
B)-Independent NF
B Activation in the Gonadotropic Regulation of X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Expression during Ovarian Follicular Development in Vitro
Reproductive Biology Unit and Division of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa Health Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital (Civic Campus), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1Y 4E9
Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Benjamin K. Tsang, Ph.D., Ottawa Health Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital (Civic Campus), 725 Parkdale Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1Y 4E9. E-mail: . btsang{at}ohri.ca
Increased X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) expression and suppressed follicular apoptosis are important determinants in the regulation of follicular development by FSH. The objective of the present study was to examine the role and regulation of nuclear factor-
B (NF
B) in the gonadotropic control of granulosa cell XIAP expression and follicular growth in vitro. FSH (100 ng/ml) increased rat granulosa cell XIAP mRNA abundance and protein content. The gonadotropin also induced granulosa cell p65 subunit-containing NF
B translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus and increased NF
B-DNA binding activity. Supershift EMSA indicated the FSH-activated NF
B contained p65 and p50 subunits. Unlike TNF
, FSH failed to elicit a significant change in granulosa cell phospho- and total-inhibitory NF
B (I
B) I
B contents in vitro and dominant-negative I
B expression was ineffective in blocking the increase in NF
B-DNA-binding activity and XIAP protein content induced by the gonadotropin. In contrast, SN50 (a cell permeable inhibitory peptide of NF
B translocation, 50200 ng/ml) suppressed FSH-stimulated NF
B-DNA binding, XIAP expression, and follicular growth. FSH also increased granulosa cell phospho-Akt contents, a response sensitive to the PI-3K inhibitor LY294002 (10 µM). In conclusion, the present studies demonstrate that the FSH-induced XIAP expression is mediated through the NF
B pathway through activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase rather than the classical I
B kinase.
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