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EF1
Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Marie B. Demay, Wellman 501, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Blossom Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114. E-mail: demay{at}helix.mgh.harvard.edu.
Intron I of the rat osteocalcin gene contains silencer elements that suppress osteocalcin-reporter fusion gene transcription. The consensus sequence for the transcription factor
EF1 is homologous to two pyrimidine-rich repeats in intron 1 that contribute to silencing of osteocalcin-reporter fusion genes. To assess if overexpression of
EF1 augments transcriptional repression by these sequences, the intron 1 sequences (wtS) were placed upstream to the native rat osteocalcin promoter fused to a luciferase reporter gene (-306-OCluc). Coexpression of the wtS-(-306-OCluc) fusion gene with
EF1 decreased luciferase activity 30% relative to cotransfection with empty vector. Repression was abolished by point mutations in the putative
EF1 motifs, mS-(-306-OCluc).
To determine whether
EF1 binds to these DNA sequences, gel retardation assays were performed using oligonucleotides containing the putative osteocalcin
EF1 motifs and a classical
EF1 motif, as radiolabeled probes. A comigrating DNA-protein complex generated by these probes was recognized by an antibody directed against
EF1 and competed for by excess unlabeled wild-type oligonucleotides. Oligonucleotides with mutations in the osteocalcin sequences, which abolish suppression, and in the
EF1 consensus site, that abolishes binding to
EF1, were unable to compete for the formation of this complex. Overexpression of
EF1 in ROS 17/2.8 cells led to an 84% decrease in osteocalcin mRNA levels relative to cells transfected with empty vector, confirming that
EF1 suppresses expression of the endogenous osteocalcin gene.
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