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Evidence of Altered Neuropeptide Y Content and Neuropeptide Y₁ Receptor Gene Expression in the Hypothalamus of Pregnant Transgenic Mice

Pharmacology Section (A.O., P.M., F.Z., C.E.), Anatomy Section (G.P.), Department of Anatomy, Pharmacology and Forensic Medicine, University of Torino, 13-10125 Torino, Italy

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Prof. Carola Eva, Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Anatomia, Farmacologia e Medicina Legale, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria, 13-10125 Torino, Italy. E-mail: carola.eva{at}unito.it.

Alterations in the density of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-immunoreactive fibers and of NPY₁ receptor gene expression in the hypothalamus of Y₁R/LacZ transgenic pregnant mice were investigated. In the paraventricular nucleus of mice on the 18th d of pregnancy NPY immunoreactivity was significantly decreased, and NPY₁ receptor gene expression, as measured by histochemical staining of ß-galactosidase and in situ hybridization of NPY₁ receptor mRNA, was significantly increased compared with those in estrous mice. Conversely, pregnant transgenic mice displayed a significant induction of NPY immunoreactivity and a reduction of NPY₁ receptor gene expression in the ventromedial nucleus. A significant increase in Y₁R/LacZ transgene expression and NPY₁ receptor mRNA, but no changes in NPY immunoreactivity were observed in the arcuate nucleus of mice on the 18th d of pregnancy. These results suggest that the elevated expression of NPY in the ventromedial nucleus may contribute to the state of leptin resistance that occurs during pregnancy.

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