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Research Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism and Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; and Department of Physiology, Gothenburg SE-405 30 University (S.M.F., G.B.), Gothenburg, Sweden
Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Jenny Fäldt, Research Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Grona Straket 8, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden. E-mail: jenny.faldt{at}medic.gu.se.
IL-6 is produced and released in large amounts from skeletal muscle during prolonged exercise in both mice and humans, but there are few data indicating the biological significance of this. IL-6 exerts metabolic effects such as stimulating energy expenditure and reducing body fat mass. We have now investigated the effects of IL-6 deficiency on exercise endurance and energy expenditure in preobese and obese IL-6-deficient (IL-6–/–) mice. Four-month-old preobese and 7-month-old obese IL-6–/– male mice backcrossed to C57BL/6 and their littermate controls were exercised on a treadmill, and energy expenditure was measured as oxygen consumption with the use of indirect calorimetry. The preobese IL-6–/– mice were significantly leaner than the control mice, whereas the older IL-6–/– mice, as expected, had developed obesity. Resting young, but not older, IL-6–/– mice had an elevated respiratory exchange ratio (RER), indicating that they oxidize carbohydrates rather than fat for energy utilization. During exercise, the young and older IL-6–/– mice had a reduced endurance and a progressive decrease in oxygen consumption compared with control mice. There was no difference in RER in young IL-6–/– mice, whereas RER was enhanced in older IL-6–/–, mice during exercise. In summary, IL-6–/– mice have reduced endurance and energy expenditure during exercise, suggesting that IL-6 is necessary for normal exercise capacity.
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