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Differential Role of SH2-B and APS in Regulating Energy and Glucose Homeostasis

Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology (M.L., D.R., L.R.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0622; and Division of Immunology (M.I., S.T.), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Liangyou Rui, Ph.D., Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0622. E-mail: ruily{at}umich.edu.

SH2-B and APS, two members of a pleckstrin homology and SH2 domain-containing adaptor family, promote both insulin and leptin signaling in a similar fashion in cultured cells. In addition, APS mediates insulin-stimulated activation of the c-Cbl/CAP/TC10 pathway in cultured adipocytes. Here we characterized genetically modified mice lacking SH2-B, APS, or both to determine the physiological roles of these two proteins in animals. Disruption of the SH2-B gene resulted in obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and glucose intolerance. Conversely, deletion of the APS gene did not alter adiposity, energy balance, and glucose metabolism. Energy intake, energy expenditure, fat content, body weight, and plasma insulin, leptin, glucose, and lipid levels were similar between APS^–/– and WT littermates fed either normal chow or a high-fat diet. Moreover, deletion of APS failed to alter insulin and glucose tolerance. APS^–/–/SH2-B^–/– double knockout mice also developed energy imbalance, obesity, hyperleptinemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and glucose intolerance; however, plasma leptin and insulin levels were significantly lower in APS^–/–/SH2-B^–/– than in SH2-B^–/– mice. These results suggest that SH2-B, but not APS, is a key positive regulator of energy and glucose metabolism in mice.

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