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Control of the Proestrus Surge of Prolactin and Luteinizing Hormone Secretion by Estrogens in the Rat^1,2

Department of Physiology, Division of Basic Health Sciences, Emory University Atlanta, Georgia 30322
Alza Corporation Palo Alto, California 94304

Abstract

An antiserum to estradiol was used to examine the role of estrogens secreted at diestrus in stimulating the proestrus surges of prolactin and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in the rat. Plasma prolactin and LH concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay in blood samples obtained at 1–2 hr intervals on the day of proestrus in 4-day cyclic rats bearing aortic catheters. In control animals, proestrus prolactin values increased above baseline first at 1300 hr, were maximal between 1500–2000 hr, and returned to near baseline titers at 0100 hr on estrus. Proestrus LH concentrations were elevated first at 1500 hr, peaked at 1700–1800 hr, and fell to baseline values at 2300 hr. Estradiol antiserum administered at 1000 hr on proestrus did not affect the proestrus surge of prolactin and LH secretion or the incidence of vaginal cornification (100% vs. 94% in controls) and ovulation (88% vs. 71% in controls). On the other hand, estradiol antiserum administered at 1000 hr on the day prior to proestrus (diestrus-2) abolished the proestrus surges of prolactin and LH secretion and decreased the incidence of uterine ballooning to - 13%, vaginal cornification to 47% and ovulation to 7%. Administration of diethylstilbestrol along with the estradiol antiserum at diestrus-2 reversed the inhibitory effects of the antiserum on pro-"4 lactin and LH secretion, and restored the incidence of vaginal cornification and ovulation to control levels. It is concluded that estrogens secreted during the 24 hr interval preceding 1000 hr proestrus are responsible for stimulating the proestrus surges of prolactin and LH secretion. (Endocrinology 89: 1448, 1971)

Footnotes

¹ Publication No. 1027, Department of Physiology, Division of Basic Health Sciences, Emory University.

² A preliminary report of this investigation was presented at the 1971 Meetings of the Federation of American Societies of Experimental Biology (Fed Proc 30: 474, 1971).

³ Supported by research grants from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, USPHS (HD-04312) and The Population Council (M-69-73) and by a Research Career Development Award (1-K4-HD-30, 774), NICHD, NIH, USPHS.

⁴ Address reprint requests to J. D. Neill.

⁵ The estradiol antiserum was produced at the Worcester Foundation for Experimental Biology in collaboration with Drs. G. Abraham, B. Caldwell, J. McCracken, R. Scaramuzzi, and I. Thorneycroft.

Received May 28, 1971.

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