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Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF)-Binding Protein-1 Is Highly Induced during Acute Carbon Tetrachloride Liver Injury and Potentiates the IGF-I-Stimulated Activation of Rat Hepatic Stellate Cells

Department of Medicine (J.-G.S., R.N., C.E.), University of Göttingen, D-37099 Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Pathology (F.D.), University of Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Dipartimento di Biologia Sperimentale, Ambientale e Applicata (I.D.), Università di Genova, I-16132 Genova, Italy; and Children’s Hospital (B.K., T.B.), Department of Biochemistry, University of Hamburg, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Thomas Braulke, Children’s Hospital-Biochemistry, Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany. E-mail: braulke{at}uke.uni-hamburg.de.

Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) play a pivotal role in hepatic tissue repair and fibrogenesis. IGF-I has been considered a mitogenic signal for activation and proliferation of HSC in vitro. In the present study IGF-I and IGF-binding protein (IGFBP) gene expression was studied in a model of acute liver injury induced by a single intragastric dose of carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) in adult rats. Northern blot analysis revealed a marked increase in IGFBP-1 mRNA levels, with a maximum between 3 and 9 h after CCl₄ application, whereas steady state mRNA levels of IGF-I were only moderately altered. In situ hybridization experiments demonstrated that this increase in IGFBP-1 mRNA was due to a strong expression of IGFBP-1 in the perivenous region 6–12 h after CCl₄ application, extending to the midzonal region of the acinus within 24–48 h. Consequently, a prominent immunostaining for IGFBP-1 was observed in perivenous areas, with a maximum 24–48 h after intoxication. Preincubation of early cultured HSC with a nonphosphorylated IGFBP-1 from human amniotic fluid resulted in a 3.4-fold increase in IGF-I-induced DNA synthesis. The mitogenic effect of IGF-I was also potentiated when HSC were cocultivated with IGFBP-1-overexpressing BHK-21 cells compared with nontransfected cells. These data suggest that IGFBP-1 released during the early steps of liver tissue damage and repair may interact with HSC and potentiate the sensitivity of IGF-I to mitogenic signals.

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