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This version published online on September 11, 2003
Endocrinology, doi:10.1210/en.2003-0693
A more recent version of this article appeared on December 1, 2003
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Submitted on June 3, 2003
Accepted on September 5, 2003

Melatonin Reduces Body Weight Gain in Sprague-Dawley Rats with Diet-induced Obesity

Bénédicte Prunet-Marcassus1, Mathieu Desbazeille1, Arnaud Bros1, Katie Louche1, Philippe Delagrange1, Pierre Renard1, Louis Casteilla1, and Luc Pénicaud1*

1 Unité Mixte de Recherche 5018, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Université Paul Sabatier, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 31, CHU Rangueil, 31059 Toulouse Cedex 9 (B.P.-M., M.D., A.B., K.L., L.C., L.P.) and Institut de Recherche International Servier, Courbevoie (P.D., P.R.), France

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: penicaud{at}toulouse.inserm.fr.

Melatonin is involved in the regulation of seasonal obesity in various species, including some rodents. This involvement has been demonstrated in non-photoperiodic rodents like rats, but only in models of enhanced body weight such as genetically obese or middle-aged rats. The aim of this investigation was to determine the effects of melatonin on body weight and metabolic parameters in a model closer to that observed in Western populations, i.e. Sprague Dawley rats fed high fat diet (HFD). They were treated for 3 weeks with melatonin (30 mg/kg) 4 h after lights-on (Zeitgeber time (ZT) 4) or 1 h before lights-out (ZT11). Given at ZT11, melatonin decreased body weight gain and feed efficiency by half. Melatonin had no effect on plasma insulin level but decreased plasma glucose (13%), leptin (28%) and triglyceride (28%) levels. Furthermore, in pinealectomized HFD rats, body weight gain and feed efficiency were increased 4 weeks after surgery. Adipose tissue weight, insulinemia and glycemia had a tendency to increase. Treatment with melatonin prevented in part these changes. These data demonstrate that melatonin may act as a regulator of body weight in a model of obesity and may prevent some of the side effects on glucose homeostasis such as decreased insulin sensitivity.
Key words: melatonin • obesity • high fat diet • energy metabolism • adipose tissue • glucose homeostasis




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