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Submitted on August 5, 2003
Accepted on September 10, 2003
1 Département d'Ontogénie et Reproduction, Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction (CRBR), Centre de Recherche du CHUL, Département d'Obstétrique et Gynécologie, Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Québec GIV 4G2, Canada.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mafortier.crchul.ulaval.ca.
Uteroplacental prostaglandins (PGs) play pivotal roles in maintenance and/or termination of pregnancy in mammals. Regulation of PGs biosynthetic and signaling mechanisms in uteroplacental tissues during maintenance of pregnancy is largely unknown. In the present study, we have characterized the expression of PGE2 receptors (EP2, EP3, EP4), PGF2
receptor (FP) and cyclooxygenase (COX) types 1 and 2 in placentome caruncle, intercaruncle and fetal membrane tissues during pregnancy in cattle. Pregnant bovine uteri were collected and classified into six groups covering the entire gestational length. The levels of expression of EP2, EP3 and FP mRNAs differ depending on tissues and days of gestation (days < 50 to > 250). EP4 mRNA was undetectable in all the tissues studied. The expression levels of PG receptor mRNAs were as follows: placentome caruncle FP > EP2 >EP3, intercaruncle EP2 > EP3 
FP and fetal membranes EP3 EP2 |K] FP. EP2 and EP3 expressions were modulated in uteroplacental tissues depending on days of pregnancy whereas FP was uniformly expressed. COX-1 mRNA and protein were constitutively expressed while COX-2 was highly modulated in uteroplacental tissues throughout pregnancy. Immunohistochemistry showed that EP2 and COX-2 proteins were co-localized in most cell types of placentome caruncle, endometrium and myometrium. Our study indicates that EP2 is the primary cAMP generating PGE2 receptor expressed in uteroplacental tissues during bovine pregnancy. Temporal and tissue specific expression of PGE2 and PGF2 receptors and COX-1 and 2 at the maternal-fetal interface suggests a selective and distinctive role for PGE2 and PGF2 in uterine activities during pregnancy in bovine.
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