| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Submitted on August 19, 2003
Accepted on September 2, 2003
1 Department of Biochemistry, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan, Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, 2432-3 Aikawa-machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 839-0861, Japan, School of Fisheries Sciences, Kitasato University, Sanriku, Ofunato, Iwate, 022-0101, Japan
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kaiya{at}ri.ncvc.go.jp.
We have identified ghrelin from the stomach of rainbow trout. Four isoforms of ghrelin peptide were isolated: the C-terminal amidated type of rainbow trout ghrelin (rt ghrelin) composed of 24 amino acids (GSSFLSPSQKPQVRQGKGKPPRV-amide) is a basic form, des-VRQ-rt ghrelin which deleted three amino acids (V13R14Q15) from rt ghrelin, and further two types of rt ghrelin that retained the glycine residue at the C-terminus, rt ghrelin-Gly and des-VRQ-rt ghrelin-Gly. The third serine residue was modified by octanoic acid, decanoic acid or the unsaturated form of those fatty acids. In agreement with the isolated peptides, two cDNAs of different lengths were isolated. The rt ghrelin gene has five exons and four introns, and two different mRNA molecules are predicted to be produced by alternative splicing of the gene. A high level of ghrelin mRNA expression was detected in the stomach, and moderate levels were detected in the brain, hypothalamus and intestinal tracts. Des-VRQ-rt ghrelin stimulated the release of GH in the rat in vivo. Furthermore, des-VRQ-rt ghrelin stimulated the release of GH, but not the release of PRL and somatolactin in rainbow trout in vivo and in vitro. These results indicate that ghrelin is a novel GH secretagogue in rainbow trout that may affect somatic growth or osmoregulation through GH. Since ghrelin is expressed in various tissues other than stomach, it may play important role(s) in cellular function as a local regulator.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  A. J Manning, H. M Murray, J. W Gallant, M. P Matsuoka, E. Radford, and S. E Douglas Ontogenetic and tissue-specific expression of preproghrelin in the Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus L. J. Endocrinol., January 1, 2008; 196(1): 181 - 192. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.-M. Yeung, C.-B. Chan, N. Y S Woo, and C. H K Cheng Seabream ghrelin: cDNA cloning, genomic organization and promoter studies. J. Endocrinol., May 1, 2006; 189(2): 365 - 379. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T Yada, H Kaiya, K Mutoh, T Azuma, S Hyodo, and K Kangawa Ghrelin stimulates phagocytosis and superoxide production in fish leukocytes. J. Endocrinol., April 1, 2006; 189(1): 57 - 65. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. F. Canosa, S. Unniappan, and R. E. Peter Periprandial changes in growth hormone release in goldfish: role of somatostatin, ghrelin, and gastrin-releasing peptide Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, July 1, 2005; 289(1): R125 - R133. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Kojima and K. Kangawa Ghrelin: Structure and Function Physiol Rev, April 1, 2005; 85(2): 495 - 522. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Yokoyama, K. Nakahara, M. Kojima, H. Hosoda, K. Kangawa, and N. Murakami Influencing the between-feeding and endocrine responses of plasma ghrelin in healthy dogs Eur. J. Endocrinol., January 1, 2005; 152(1): 155 - 160. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Unniappan and R. E. Peter In vitro and in vivo effects of ghrelin on luteinizing hormone and growth hormone release in goldfish Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, June 1, 2004; 286(6): R1093 - R1101. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH |
| Endocrinology | Endocrine Reviews | J. Clin. End. & Metab. |
| Molecular Endocrinology | Recent Prog. Horm. Res. | All Endocrine Journals |
