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Submitted on October 6, 2003
Accepted on January 9, 2004
Departments of Molecular Sciences, Surgeryand Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA, Phone 901-448-4343, FAX 901-448-7360, email: jfain@utmem.edu
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jfain{at}utmem.edu.
The purpose of this study was to examine the source of adipokines released by the visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues of obese humans. Human adipose tissue incubated in primary culture for 48 h released more PGE2, IL-8, and IL-6 than adiponectin while the release of PAI-1 and HGF was less than that of adiponectin but greater than that of leptin. IL-10 and TNF
were released in amounts less than those of leptin while VEGF and IL1-
were released in much lower amounts. The accumulation of adipokines was also examined in the three fractions [adipose tissue matrix, isolated stromovascular cells and adipocytes] obtained by collagenase digestion of adipose tissue. Over 90% of the adipokine release by adipose tissue, except for adiponectin and leptin, could be attributed to non-fat cells. Visceral adipose tissue released greater amount of VEGF, IL-6 and PAI-1 compared with abdominal subcutaneous tissue. The greatly enhanced total release of TNF, IL-8 and IL-10 by adipose tissue from individuals with a BMI of 45 compared with 32 was due to non-fat cells. Furthermore, most of the adipokine release by the non-fat cells of adipose tissue was due to cells retained in the tissue matrix after collagenase digestion.
•
VEGF •
leptin •
IL-10 •
IL-1 •
HGF
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