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Submitted on December 10, 2004
Accepted on February 1, 2005
Dept Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0444
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: dallman{at}itsa.ucsf.edu.
Although rats given the choice of eating high-density calories as concentrated sucrose solutions or lard exhibit reduced responsivity in the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, rats fed high fat diets have normal or augmented responses to stressors. To resolve this apparent discrepancy, we compared in adult male rats the effects of 7d feeding with lard + chow (choice) to feeding a 50% lard-chow mixture (no-choice) and to chow only. Rats with choice composed diets with 50-60% total calories from lard. Rats were exposed to 30 min restraint on d 7. In the choice group, there was a robust inhibition of ACTH and corticosterone responses to restraint compared with chow or no-choice groups. Total caloric intake was less with choice than no-choice. Fat depot weights and body weight gain were similar in the high fat groups. Leptin concentrations were equal but insulin was higher in the choice group. We conclude that 1. Choice of eating high-density calories strongly damps HPA responses to stress; without choice, high-density diet is ineffective; 2. Insulin may signal metabolic well-being, and may act through hypothalamic sites to reduce caloric intake but through forebrain sites to damp stress responses.
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