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This version published online on September 29, 2005
Endocrinology, doi:10.1210/en.2005-0507
A more recent version of this article appeared on January 1, 2006
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Submitted on April 28, 2005
Accepted on September 19, 2005

Long day suppressed expression of type 2 deiodinase gene in the mediobasal hypothalamus of the Saanen goat, a short day breeder: Implication for seasonal window of thyroid hormone action on reproductive neuroendocrine axis

Shinobu Yasuo, Nobuhiro Nakao, Satoshi Ohkura, Masayuki Iigo, Satoko Hagiwara, Akemitsu Goto, Hiroshi Ando, Takashi Yamamura, Miwa Watanabe, Tsuyoshi Watanabe, Sen-ichi Oda, Kei-ichiro Maeda, Gerald Lincoln, Hiroaki Okamura, Shizufumi Ebihara, and Takashi Yoshimura*

Division of Biomodeling, Laboratory of Animal Management and Resources, Division of Applied Genetics and Physiology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Technical Center, and Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ikenodai, Tsukuba 305-8602, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan; MRC Reproductive Biology Unit, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: takashiy{at}agr.nagoya-u.ac.jp.

In most animals that live in temperate regions, reproduction is under photoperiodic control. In long day breeders such as Japanese quail and Djungarian hamsters, type 2 deiodinase (Dio2) plays an important role in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH), catalyzing the conversion of prohormone thyroxine (T4) to bioactive triiodothyronine (T3) to regulate the photoperiodic response of the gonads. However, the molecular basis for seasonal reproduction in short day breeders remains unclear. Since thyroid hormones are also known to be involved in short day breeders, we examined the effect of an artificial long day stimulus on Dio2 expression in the male Saanen goat (Capra hircus), a short day breeder. Dio2 expression was observed in the caudal continuation of the arcuate nucleus (cARC), known as the target site for both melatonin and T4 action. In addition, expression of Dio2 and T3 content in the MBH was suppressed by artificial long day conditions, which is the opposite of the results of long day breeders. Thyroid hormone action on the development of neuroendocrine anestrus is known to be limited to a specific seasonal window. This long day suppression of Dio2 may provide a mechanism that accounts for the lack of responsiveness to thyroxine during the mid to late anestrus.




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