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This version published online on September 15, 2005
Endocrinology, doi:10.1210/en.2005-0939
A more recent version of this article appeared on December 1, 2005
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Submitted on July 25, 2005
Accepted on September 8, 2005

Heterozygote effects in mice with partial truncations in the growth hormone receptor cytoplasmic domain : Assessment of growth parameters and phenotype

Jennifer E Rowland, Linda M. Kerr, Mary White, Peter G Noakes, and Michael J Waters*

Institute for Molecular Bioscience (L.M.K., M.J.W.), University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072 Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences (J.E.R., M.W., P.G.N.), University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: m.waters{at}imb.uq.edu.au.

The growth hormone receptor (GHR) is essential for normal postnatal growth and development, and the molecular basis of GHR action has been studied intensively. Clinical case studies and more recently mouse models have revealed the extensive phenotype of impaired GH action. We recently reported two new mouse models, possessing cytoplasmic truncations at position 569 (plus Y539/545-F) and 391, that were created to identify functional subdomains within the cytoplasmic signaling domain. In the homozygous state, these animals show progressively impaired postnatal growth coupled with complex changes in gene expression. We describe here an extended phenotype analysis encompassing the heterozygote state to identify whether single copies of these mutant receptors bring about partial or dominant negative phenotypes. It appears that the retention of the ubiquitin-dependent endocytosis (UbiE) motif in the N terminal cytoplasmic domain permits turnover of these mutant receptors, as no dominant negative phenotype is seen. Nonetheless we do observe partial impairment of postnatal growth in heterozygotes supporting limited haploinsufficiency. Reproductive function is impaired in these models in a progressive manner, in parallel with loss of STAT5 activation ability. Overall, we describe a more comprehensive phenotypic analysis of these mouse models, encompassing overall and longitudinal body growth, reproductive function and hormonal status in both the heterozygote and homozygote state. Our results suggest that patients expressing single copies of similarly mutated GHRs would not display an obvious clinical phenotype.


Key words: growth hormone receptor • postnatal growth • reproduction • transgenic




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