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Submitted on January 24, 2006
Accepted on March 13, 2006
School of Human and Consumer Sciences, College of Health and Human Services, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701; Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701; Department of Psychiatry and Genome Research Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: berrymad{at}ohio.edu.
Mice with a deficiency in growth hormone (GH) function due to disruption of the GH receptor/binding protein gene (GHR-/-) are long-lived, insulin sensitive, and obese while mice with excess GH function due to expression of a bovine GH transgene (bGH) are short-lived, glucose intolerant, and lean. When challenged with a high fat (HF) diet, we hypothesized that these mice would be differentially susceptible to diet-induced obesity. To test this hypothesis, GHR-/-, bGH and littermate control (WT) mice were fed a HF diet (40% kcal) or a nutrient-matched low-fat (LF) diet (9% kcal) for 12 weeks. On the HF diet, all mice, regardless of genotype, showed a similar percent weight gain and exhibited a significant increase in percent body fat and in the mass of epididymal, retroperitoneal, and subcutaneous fat pads. For bGH mice, the increase in adipose tissue was relatively small compared with the WT or GHR-/- mice, suggesting some resiliency, although not immunity, to diet-induced obesity. GHR-/- mice, which are relatively obese on a LF diet, responded to the dietary challenge in a manner similar to WT controls. With HF feeding, all genotypes experienced an increase in insulin levels and depot-dependent effect of adipose tissue. Together, these results further support a role for GH in energy balance regulation and nutrient partitioning. More importantly, since there were genotype-specific effects of diet, these data stress the importance of diet selection and of sampling multiple adipose depots in studies with these mouse models.
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