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Submitted on October 6, 2006
Accepted on November 20, 2006
Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030; Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, 701 West 168th Street, Room 1602A, New York, NY 10032
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: gk2172{at}columbia.edu.
Bone remodeling requires osteoblasts and osteoclasts working in concert to maintain a constant bone mass. The dysregulation of signaling pathways that affect osteoblast or osteoclast differentiation or function leads to either osteopenia or high bone mass. The discovery that activating and inactivating mutations in Lrp5, a putative Wnt coreceptor, led to high bone mass and low bone mass in humans, respectively, generated a tremendous amount of interest in the possible role of the Wnt signaling pathway in the regulation of bone remodeling. A number of mouse models have been generated to study a collection of Wnt signaling molecules that have been identified as regulators of bone mass. These mouse models help establish the canonical Wnt signaling pathway as a major regulator of chondrogenesis, osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. This review will summarize these advances.
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