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This version published online on September 13, 2007
Endocrinology, doi:10.1210/en.2007-0436
A more recent version of this article appeared on December 1, 2007
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Submitted on April 4, 2007
Accepted on September 4, 2007

Expression of GPR30, a G protein-Coupled Membrane Estrogen Receptor, in Oxytocin Neurons of the Rat Paraventricular and Supraoptic Nuclei

Hirotaka Sakamoto*, Ken-ichi Matsuda, Koji Hosokawa, Mayumi Nishi, John F. Morris, Eric R. Prossnitz, and Mitsuhiro Kawata

Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology (H.S., K.-I.M., K.H., M.N., M.K.), Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (J.F.M.), Le Gros Clark Building, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, United Kingdom; and Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (E.R.P.), University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hsakamo{at}koto.kpu-m.ac.jp.

The regulatory actions of estrogens on magnocellular oxytocin (OT) neurons of the paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic (SON) nuclei are well documented. Although the expression and distribution of nuclear estrogen receptor {beta} (ER{beta}), but not ER{alpha}, in the OT neuron has been described, the nuclear receptors may not explain all aspects of estrogen function in the hypothalamic OT neuron. Recently, a G protein-coupled receptor for estrogens, GPR30, has been identified as a membrane-localized estrogen receptor in several cancer cell lines. In this study, we therefore investigated the expression and localization of GPR30 in magnocellular OT neurons to understand the mode of rapid estrogen actions within these neurons. Here we show that, in the PVN and SON, GPR30 is expressed in magnocellular OT neurons at both mRNA and protein levels but is not expressed in vasopressin neurons. Specific markers for intracellular organelles and immunoelectron microscopy revealed that GPR30 was localized mainly in the Golgi apparatus of the neurons but could not be detected at the cell surface. In addition, the expression of GPR30 is also detected in the neurohypophysis. These results suggest that GPR30 may serve primarily as a nongenomic transducer of estrogen actions in the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system.
Key words: oxytocin • estrogen • GPCR • immunohistochemistry • immunofluorescence • in situ hybridization • electron microscopy




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