NEWS AND VIEWS:

William F. Colmers

The Skinny on Adiponectin
Endocrinology 2009 150: 559-560, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1530 [Full Text] [PDF]  

CALCIUM REGULATING HORMONES:

Guofan Cao, Zhen Gu, Yongxin Ren, Lei Shu, Chunxiang Tao, Andrew Karaplis, David Goltzman, and Dengshun Miao

Parathyroid Hormone Contributes to Regulating Milk Calcium Content and Modulates Neonatal Bone Formation Cooperatively with Calcium
Endocrinology 2009 150: 561-569, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0654 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
PTH can modulate calcium content of maternal milk, and PTH and calcium exert cooperative roles on osteoblastic bone formation in the neonate.

DIABETES - INSULIN - GLUCAGON - GASTROINTESTINAL:

Wei Chen, Salma Begum, Lynn Opare-Addo, Justin Garyu, Thomas F. Gibson, Alfred L. M. Bothwell, Virginia E. Papaioannou, and Kevan C. Herold

Promotion of β-Cell Differentiation in Pancreatic Precursor Cells by Adult Islet Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 570-579, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1009 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Mature β cells affect differentiation of pancreatic anlage cells into functional β cells. The differentiated cells respond to glucose and ameliorate diabetes.

Gareth E. Lim, Guan J. Huang, Nina Flora, Derek LeRoith, Christopher J. Rhodes, and Patricia L. Brubaker

Insulin Regulates Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Secretion from the Enteroendocrine L Cell
Endocrinology 2009 150: 580-591, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0726 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Insulin is a novel secretagogue of the incretin hormone, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and L cell insulin resistance impairs heterologous secretagogue-induced GLP-1 secretion in vitro and in vivo.

Irene Hadjiyanni, Kunmin Karen Li, and Daniel J. Drucker

Glucagon-Like Peptide-2 Reduces Intestinal Permeability But Does Not Modify the Onset of Type 1 Diabetes in the Nonobese Diabetic Mouse
Endocrinology 2009 150: 592-599, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1228 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Increased intestinal permeability often precedes the clinical appearance of autoimmune disorders such as celiac disease or type 1 diabetes. These studies show that glucagon-like peptide 2 reduces gut permeability, but not the onset of diabetes in NOD mice.

Stephan Glund, Jonas T. Treebak, Yun Chau Long, Romain Barres, Benoit Viollet, Jorgen F. Wojtaszewski, and Juleen R. Zierath

Role of Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase in Interleukin-6 Release from Isolated Mouse Skeletal Muscle
Endocrinology 2009 150: 600-606, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1204 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Using transgenic and knockout mouse models to perturb AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling, we provide evidence that AMPK-dependent pathways regulate IL-6 release from isolated oxidative skeletal muscle.

Pooya Jahanshahi, Runpei Wu, Jeffrey D. Carter, and Craig S. Nunemaker

Evidence of Diminished Glucose Stimulation and Endoplasmic Reticulum Function in Nonoscillatory Pancreatic Islets
Endocrinology 2009 150: 607-615, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0773 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The loss of islet calcium oscillations correlates with impaired calcium regulation and reduced insulin secretion, suggesting oscillatory capacity is important to islet health and function.

Bruno Pillot, Maud Soty, Amandine Gautier-Stein, Carine Zitoun, and Gilles Mithieux

Protein Feeding Promotes Redistribution of Endogenous Glucose Production to the Kidney and Potentiates Its Suppression by Insulin
Endocrinology 2009 150: 616-624, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0601 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Protein feeding increases kidney gluconeogenesis without increasing global endogenous glucose production, and improves insulin suppression of the latter, likely at the hepatic site.

Aimin Xu, Hongbing Wang, Ruby L. C. Hoo, Gary Sweeney, Paul. M. Vanhoutte, Yu Wang, Donghai Wu, Wenjing Chu, Guowei Qin, and Karen S. L. Lam

Selective Elevation of Adiponectin Production by the Natural Compounds Derived from a Medicinal Herb Alleviates Insulin Resistance and Glucose Intolerance in Obese Mice
Endocrinology 2009 150: 625-633, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0999 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Natural compounds alleviate insulin resistance by inducing adiponectin production.

ENERGY BALANCE - OBESITY:

S. P. Sébert, M. A. Hyatt, L. L. Y. Chan, N. Patel, R. C. Bell, D. Keisler, T. Stephenson, H. Budge, M. E. Symonds, and D. S. Gardner

Maternal Nutrient Restriction between Early and Midgestation and Its Impact Upon Appetite Regulation after Juvenile Obesity
Endocrinology 2009 150: 634-641, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0542 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Changes in the maternal nutritional environment during fetal brain development reset hypothalamic mechanisms regulating appetite control and energy sensing following adolescent obesity.

Ignasi Canals, María C. Carmona, Marta Amigó, Albert Barbera, Analía Bortolozzi, Francesc Artigas, and Ramon Gomis

A Functional Leptin System Is Essential for Sodium Tungstate Antiobesity Action
Endocrinology 2009 150: 642-650, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0881 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Anti-obesity activity of tungstate is due to an increase in thermogenesis and a reduction in food intake and depends entirely on a functional leptin system.

Carmen J. Narvaez, Donald Matthews, Emily Broun, Michelle Chan, and JoEllen Welsh

Lean Phenotype and Resistance to Diet-Induced Obesity in Vitamin D Receptor Knockout Mice Correlates with Induction of Uncoupling Protein-1 in White Adipose Tissue
Endocrinology 2009 150: 651-661, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1118 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Mice lacking the vitamin D receptor or its ligand display reduced adiposity, resistance to diet-induced obesity, and induction of uncoupling protein-1 in white adipose tissue.

H. Shimizu, S. Oh-I, K. Hashimoto, M. Nakata, S. Yamamoto, N. Yoshida, H. Eguchi, I. Kato, K. Inoue, T. Satoh, S. Okada, M. Yamada, T. Yada, and M. Mori

Peripheral Administration of Nesfatin-1 Reduces Food Intake in Mice: The Leptin-Independent Mechanism
Endocrinology 2009 150: 662-671, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0598 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Peripherally administered nesfatin-1 and its mid-segment suppress food intake in mice. The nicotinic cholinergic pathway to the nucleus tractus solitarius contributes to the anorexigenic action of the mid-segment.

Ellen E. Ladenheim, Robert R. Behles, Sheng Bi, and Timothy H. Moran

Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Expression in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus Is Altered by Melanocortin Receptor Stimulation and Food Deprivation
Endocrinology 2009 150: 672-678, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0559 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Gastrin-releasing peptide gene expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus is responsive to signals related to energy balance.

GENERAL ENDOCRINOLOGY:

Peter J. Malloy and David Feldman

Inactivation of the Human Vitamin D Receptor by Caspase-3
Endocrinology 2009 150: 679-686, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1217 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The vitamin D receptor contains a caspase-3 cleavage site in the ligand-binding domain that can be cleaved by caspase-3 in vitro and in intact cells.

Ulrika E. A. Mårtensson, S. Albert Salehi, Sara Windahl, Maria F. Gomez, Karl Swärd, Joanna Daszkiewicz-Nilsson, Anna Wendt, Niklas Andersson, Per Hellstrand, Per-Olof Grände, Christer Owman, Clifford J. Rosen, Martin L. Adamo, Ingmar Lundquist, Patrik Rorsman, Bengt-Olof Nilsson, Claes Ohlsson, Björn Olde, and L. M. Fredrik Leeb-Lundberg

Deletion of the G Protein-Coupled Receptor 30 Impairs Glucose Tolerance, Reduces Bone Growth, Increases Blood Pressure, and Eliminates Estradiol-Stimulated Insulin Release in Female Mice
Endocrinology 2009 150: 687-698, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0623 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The G protein-coupled receptor GPR30 maintains normal bone growth, glucose homeostasis, and blood pressure, and mediates estradiol-stimulated insulin release in female mice.

Grisha Pirianov, Simon N. Waddington, Tamsin M. Lindström, Vasiliki Terzidou, Huseyin Mehmet, and Phillip R. Bennett

The Cyclopentenone 15-Deoxy-^12,14-Prostaglandin J₂ Delays Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Preterm Delivery and Reduces Mortality in the Newborn Mouse
Endocrinology 2009 150: 699-706, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1178 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Intrauterine lipopolysaccharide administration to pregnant mice activates nuclear factor- and Jun N-terminal kinase, causing preterm labor. 15-deoxy-^12,14-prostaglandin J₂ inhibits this via multiple aspects of the toll-like receptor-4 signaling pathway.

David A. Sarruf, Fang Yu, Hong T. Nguyen, Diana L. Williams, Richard L. Printz, Kevin D. Niswender, and Michael W. Schwartz

Expression of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor- in Key Neuronal Subsets Regulating Glucose Metabolism and Energy Homeostasis
Endocrinology 2009 150: 707-712, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0899 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-, a key regulator of adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, is also expressed in neurons involved in body weight control.

GLUCOCORTICOIDS - CRH - ACTH - ADRENAL:

Jessica M. Osmond and Anne M. Dorrance

11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type II Inhibition Causes Cerebrovascular Remodeling and Increases Infarct Size after Cerebral Ischemia
Endocrinology 2009 150: 713-719, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0808 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibition increases blood pressure, altering cerebral vessel structure in a manner that increases the damaged caused by focal cerebral ischemia in rats.

Tom R. Webb, Li Chan, Sadani N. Cooray, Michael E. Cheetham, J. Paul Chapple, and Adrian J. L. Clark

Distinct Melanocortin 2 Receptor Accessory Protein Domains Are Required for Melanocortin 2 Receptor Interaction and Promotion of Receptor Trafficking
Endocrinology 2009 150: 720-726, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0941 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Melanocortin 2 receptor accessory protein interacts with the melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2R) via its transmembrane domain and requires a tyrosine-rich element for trafficking of the MC2R to the cell surface.

GROWTH FACTORS - CYTOKINES:

Yu-Lin Yang, Yi-Shiuan Liu, Lea-Yea Chuang, Jinn-Yuh Guh, Tao-Chen Lee, Tung-Nan Liao, Min-Yuan Hung, and Tai-An Chiang

Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Antagonizes Renal Interstitial Fibrosis by Promoting Catabolism of Type I Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptors
Endocrinology 2009 150: 727-740, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0090 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Bone morphogenetic protein-2 can antagonize TGF-β-inducing cellular fibrosis by intervening post-receptors signaling, thus disclosing an application of therapeutical potential against fibrosis disorders.

GROWTH HORMONE - SOMATOSTATIN - GRH:

Paul A. Smith

N-Type Ca²⁺-Channels in Murine Pancreatic β-Cells Are Inhibited by an Exclusive Coupling with Somatostatin Receptor Subtype 1
Endocrinology 2009 150: 741-748, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0883 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
In pancreatic β-cells, somatostatin selectively inhibits N-type, but not other, Ca²⁺-channels via a direct and exclusive coupling with somatostatin receptor subtype 1.

NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY:

Marc S. Weinberg, Aadra P. Bhatt, Milena Girotti, Cher V. Masini, Heidi E. W. Day, Serge Campeau, and Robert L. Spencer

Repeated Ferret Odor Exposure Induces Different Temporal Patterns of Same-Stressor Habituation and Novel-Stressor Sensitization in Both Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity and Forebrain c-fos Expression in the Rat
Endocrinology 2009 150: 749-761, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0958 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Repeated exposure of rats to ferret odor leads to rapid development of stimulus-specific habituation and slower development of novel-stressor sensitization of forebrain and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity.

Elizabeth R. Wagenmaker, Kellie M. Breen, Amy E. Oakley, Alan J. Tilbrook, and Fred J. Karsch

Psychosocial Stress Inhibits Amplitude of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Pulses Independent of Cortisol Action on the Type II Glucocorticoid Receptor
Endocrinology 2009 150: 762-769, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0757 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
A paradigm of psychosocial stress inhibits GnRH pulse amplitude. This effect is not reversed by treatment with RU486, a type II glucocorticoid receptor antagonist.

Liqin Zhao, Zisu Mao, and Roberta Diaz Brinton

A Select Combination of Clinically Relevant Phytoestrogens Enhances Estrogen Receptor β-Binding Selectivity and Neuroprotective Activities in Vitro and in Vivo
Endocrinology 2009 150: 770-783, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0715 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
A combination of genistein, daidzein, and equol enhances estrogen receptor β-binding selectivity and estrogenic activities in promoting neuronal survival and brain defense mechanisms without impact on uterine growth.

J. M. Castellano, V. M. Navarro, J. Roa, R. Pineda, M. A. Sánchez-Garrido, D. García-Galiano, E. Vigo, C. Dieguez, E. Aguilar, L. Pinilla, and M. Tena-Sempere

Alterations in Hypothalamic KiSS-1 System in Experimental Diabetes: Early Changes and Functional Consequences
Endocrinology 2009 150: 784-794, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0849 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The time-course and functional consequences of disturbances of the hypothalamic Kisspeptin-1-system in a rat model of uncontrolled diabetes are reviewed, with findings of potential physiopathologic and therapeutic implications for impaired fertility in type 1 diabetes.

Nira Ben-Jonathan, Shenglin Chen, Joseph A. Dunckley, Christopher LaPensee, and Sanjay Kansra

Estrogen Receptor- Mediates the Epidermal Growth Factor-Stimulated Prolactin Expression and Release in Lactotrophs
Endocrinology 2009 150: 795-802, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0756 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Epidermal growth factor-stimulated prolactin release in lactotrophs is dependent upon estrogen receptor .

Martin F. Rath, Michael J. Bailey, Jong-So Kim, Anthony K. Ho, Pascaline Gaildrat, Steven L. Coon, Morten Møller, and David C. Klein

Developmental and Diurnal Dynamics of Pax4 Expression in the Mammalian Pineal Gland: Nocturnal Down-Regulation Is Mediated by Adrenergic-Cyclic Adenosine 3',5'-Monophosphate Signaling
Endocrinology 2009 150: 803-811, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0882 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The Pax4 homeobox gene is expressed in the postnatal pineal gland and exhibits a diurnal rhythm driven by adrenergic signaling, which suppresses nocturnal transcript levels.

Angela Chambery, Augusto Parente, Enza Topo, Jordi Garcia-Fernàndez, and Salvatore D'Aniello

Characterization and Putative Role of a Type I Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone in the Cephalochordate Amphioxus
Endocrinology 2009 150: 812-820, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1066 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Data show that the isolation of a GnRH hormone in the cephalochordate Amphioxus could have a pivotal role in reproduction.

Takashi Kitahashi, Satoshi Ogawa, and Ishwar S. Parhar

Cloning and Expression of kiss2 in the Zebrafish and Medaka
Endocrinology 2009 150: 821-831, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0940 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Habenular kisspeptin-1 (Kiss1) and the novel hypothalamic Kiss2 are potential regulators of puberty. Kiss2 is the predominant regulator of gonadotropin synthesis in fish.

Ted Donald Hoyda, Willis Kendrick Samson, and Alastair Victor Ferguson

Adiponectin Depolarizes Parvocellular Paraventricular Nucleus Neurons Controlling Neuroendocrine and Autonomic Function
Endocrinology 2009 150: 832-840, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1179 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Adiponectin, through actions at its two receptors AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, in addition to a potentially third uniqe mechanism, controls the excitability of specific paraventricular nucleus neurons, including neuroendocrine CRH and pre-autonomic TRH and oxytocin parvocellular neurons.

RENAL - CARDIAC - VASCULAR:

L. McRobb, D. J. Handelsman, and A. K. Heather

Androgen-Induced Progression of Arterial Calcification in Apolipoprotein E-Null Mice Is Uncoupled from Plaque Growth and Lipid Levels
Endocrinology 2009 150: 841-848, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0760 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Calcification of advanced atherosclerotic lesions is an androgen-sensitive process whereby testosterone uncouples conventional relationships between plaque growth and lipid levels.

Carmela Nacci, Mariela Tarquinio, Leonarda De Benedictis, Annamaria Mauro, Addolorata Zigrino, Maria Rosaria Carratù, Michael J. Quon, and Monica Montagnani

Endothelial Dysfunction in Mice with Streptozotocin-induced Type 1 Diabetes Is Opposed by Compensatory Overexpression of Cyclooxygenase-2 in the Vasculature
Endocrinology 2009 150: 849-861, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1069 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Endothelial dysfunction in type 1 diabetes is opposed by compensatory mechanisms involving increased expression and activity of cyclooxygenase-2 in the vasculature induced by pro-inflammatory signaling.

Tetsuya Tagami, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Kenji Moriyama, Kuniko Sawai, Takeshi Usui, Akira Shimatsu, and Mitsuhide Naruse

A Selective Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor- Modulator, Telmisartan, Binds to the Receptor in a Different Fashion from Thiazolidinediones
Endocrinology 2009 150: 862-870, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0502 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
A peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- (PPAR) mutant is selectively stimulated by telmisartan but not by thiazolidinediones. PPAR mutants may be powerful tools for screening and developing novel therapeutic agents.

Michihiro Hosojima, Hiroyoshi Sato, Keiko Yamamoto, Ryohei Kaseda, Taeko Soma, Asako Kobayashi, Akiyo Suzuki, Hideyuki Kabasawa, Aya Takeyama, Kenji Ikuyama, Noriaki Iino, Akira Nishiyama, Thomas J. Thekkumkara, Tetsuro Takeda, Yoshiki Suzuki, Fumitake Gejyo, and Akihiko Saito

Regulation of Megalin Expression in Cultured Proximal Tubule Cells by Angiotensin II Type 1A Receptor- and Insulin-Mediated Signaling Cross Talk
Endocrinology 2009 150: 871-878, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0886 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Angiotensin II type 1A receptor- and insulin-mediated competitive signaling cross-talk regulates the expression of megalin, a multi-ligand endocytic receptor, in cultured proximal tubule cells.

Farzana Marni, Yan Wang, Masaki Morishima, Toru Shimaoka, Tomoko Uchino, Mingqi Zheng, Toshihiko Kaku, and Katsushige Ono

17β-Estradiol Modulates Expression of Low-Voltage-Activated Ca_V3.2 T-Type Calcium Channel via Extracellularly Regulated Kinase Pathway in Cardiomyocytes
Endocrinology 2009 150: 879-888, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0645 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Long-term treatment of cardiomyocytes with 17β-estradiol decreases the T-type Ca²⁺ channel current of Ca_V3.2 through activation of ERK-1/2, 5, which is mediated by the suppression of a transcription factor Csx/Nkx2.5.

Jennifer L. Novotny, Amy M. Simpson, Nanette J. Tomicek, Timothy S. Lancaster, and Donna H. Korzick

Rapid Estrogen Receptor- Activation Improves Ischemic Tolerance in Aged Female Rats through a Novel Protein Kinase C-Dependent Mechanism
Endocrinology 2009 150: 889-896, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0708 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Non-genomic estrogen receptor- activation confers cardioprotection and reduces ischemic injury in the aged, estrogen-deficient female rat heart through a novel protein kinase C mechanism involving the receptor for activated C kinase-2.

REPRODUCTION - DEVELOPMENT:

Narayanan Krishnaswamy, Ghislain Danyod, Pierre Chapdelaine, and Michel A. Fortier

Oxytocin Receptor Down-Regulation Is Not Necessary for Reducing Oxytocin-Induced Prostaglandin F₂ Accumulation by Interferon- in a Bovine Endometrial Epithelial Cell Line
Endocrinology 2009 150: 897-905, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0704 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Interferon- acts as a competitive partial agonist, stimulating basal but inhibiting oxytocin- and phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated prostaglandin F₂ production in immortalized bovine endometrial epithelial cells.

Pasquapina Ciarmela, Ezra Wiater, Sean M. Smith, and Wylie Vale

Presence, Actions, and Regulation of Myostatin in Rat Uterus and Myometrial Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 906-914, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0880 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Myometrial cells are myostatin-sensitive; myostatin mRNA levels are modulated in rats during the estrous cycle and in response to steroid deprivation and replacement.

Hena Alam, Jennifer Weck, Evelyn Maizels, Youngkyu Park, Eun Jig Lee, Margaret Ashcroft, and Mary Hunzicker-Dunn

Role of the Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase and Extracellular Regulated Kinase Pathways in the Induction of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF)-1 Activity and the HIF-1 Target Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Ovarian Granulosa Cells in Response to Follicle-Stimulating Hormone
Endocrinology 2009 150: 915-928, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0850 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
FSH-stimulated HIF-1 activation requires activation of mTOR, phosphorylation of FOXO1 and possibly MDM2, and a protein inhibited by PD98059 distinct from ERK1/2 or 5.

Pradeep P. Kayampilly and K. M. J. Menon

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Inhibits Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase Activation and Promotes Cell Proliferation of Primary Granulosa Cells in Culture through an Akt-Dependent Pathway
Endocrinology 2009 150: 929-935, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1032 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
FSH stimulates granulosa cell proliferation by reducing cell cycle inhibitor p27 kip through AMP kinase inhibition.

Gwonhwa Song, Kathrin A. Dunlap, Jinyoung Kim, Daniel W. Bailey, Thomas E. Spencer, Robert C. Burghardt, Graham F. Wagner, Greg A. Johnson, and Fuller W. Bazer

Stanniocalcin 1 Is a Luminal Epithelial Marker for Implantation in Pigs Regulated by Progesterone and Estradiol
Endocrinology 2009 150: 936-945, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1026 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Stanniocalcin 1 regulates calcium and phosphate levels in uterine luminal epithelium in response to progesterone and estradiol and is a marker of implantation in pigs.

Yimin Shi, Marcus D. Schonemann, and Synthia H. Mellon

Regulation of P450c17 Expression in the Early Embryo Depends on GATA Factors
Endocrinology 2009 150: 946-956, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0573 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The unanticipated expression of P450c17 very early in embryonic development is dependent not upon SF-1, as it is in steroidogenic tissues, but rather upon the expression of GATA factors.

Mary Cherian-Shaw, Muraly Puttabyatappa, Erin Greason, Annabelle Rodriguez, Catherine A. VandeVoort, and Charles L. Chaffin

Expression of Scavenger Receptor-BI and Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor and Differential Use of Lipoproteins to Support Early Steroidogenesis in Luteinizing Macaque Granulosa Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 957-965, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0619 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
An ovulatory stimulus to primate granulosa cells increases the expression of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor and scavenger receptor class B, type I, while LDL serves as the primary substrate for progesterone synthesis.

Li Chen, Robert J. Belton, Jr., and Romana A. Nowak

Basigin-Mediated Gene Expression Changes in Mouse Uterine Stromal Cells During Implantation
Endocrinology 2009 150: 966-976, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0571 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The role of basigin during embryo implantation in mice is examined. Basigin regulates matrix metalloproteinase, IL-1, and leukocyte chemoattractant production by uterine stromal cells.

Natalie Yivgi-Ohana, Noa Sher, Naomi Melamed-Book, Sarah Eimerl, Moriah Koler, Pulak R. Manna, Douglas M. Stocco, and Joseph Orly

Transcription of Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein in the Rodent Ovary and Placenta: Alternative Modes of Cyclic Adenosine 3', 5'-Monophosphate Dependent and Independent Regulation
Endocrinology 2009 150: 977-989, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0541 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Proximal cis-elements in the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (Star) promoter allow versatile transcriptional regulation in tissue-specific manners and differentiation-dependent patterns of STAR expression in rodent ovary and placenta.

Eiko Yamamoto, Kazuhiko Ino, Eiji Miyoshi, Kei-ichiro Inamori, Akihiro Abe, Seiji Sumigama, Akira Iwase, Hiroaki Kajiyama, Kiyosumi Shibata, Akihiro Nawa, and Fumitaka Kikkawa

N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V Regulates Extravillous Trophoblast Invasion through Glycosylation of 5β1 Integrin
Endocrinology 2009 150: 990-999, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1005 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) is expressed in human extravillous trophoblast and is involved in regulating trophoblast invasion through modifications of the oligosaccharide chains of 5β1 integrin.

Martin Bilban, Peter Haslinger, Johanna Prast, Florian Klinglmüller, Thomas Woelfel, Sandra Haider, Alexander Sachs, Leo E. Otterbein, Gernot Desoye, Ursula Hiden, Oswald Wagner, and Martin Knöfler

Identification of Novel Trophoblast Invasion-Related Genes: Heme Oxygenase-1 Controls Motility via Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1000-1013, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0456 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Differential gene expression profiling of invasive and non-invasive trophoblasts and functional analyses identify heme oxygenase-1 as a regulator of trophoblast motility involving peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor .

Daniel J. Trombly, Teresa K. Woodruff, and Kelly E. Mayo

Suppression of Notch Signaling in the Neonatal Mouse Ovary Decreases Primordial Follicle Formation
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1014-1024, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0213 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Gamma secretase inhibitor treatment suppresses germ cell nest breakdown in the neonatal mouse ovary, supporting a role for Notch signaling in promoting primordial follicle formation.

THYROID - TRH - TSH:

Daniel E. Westholm, David D. Stenehjem, Jon N. Rumbley, Lester R. Drewes, and Grant W. Anderson

Competitive Inhibition of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 1c1-Mediated Thyroxine Transport by the Fenamate Class of Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1025-1032, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0188 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The fenamate class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is transported by organic anion transporting polypeptides and competitively inhibits thyroxine transport in brain microvessels.

Agostino Virdis, Rocchina Colucci, Matteo Fornai, Antonio Polini, Elena Daghini, Emiliano Duranti, Narcisa Ghisu, Daniele Versari, Angela Dardano, Corrado Blandizzi, Stefano Taddei, Mario Del Tacca, and Fabio Monzani

Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Is Involved in Endothelial Dysfunction of Mesenteric Small Arteries from Hypothyroid Rats
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1033-1042, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1112 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
In methimazole-induced mild hypothyroid rats, low-grade inflammation and an increased inducible nitric oxide synthase enhance vascular oxidative stress generation, leading to reduced nitric oxide availability.

Sylvia Sura-Trueba, Chantal Aumas, Aurore Carre, Sylvie Durif, Juliane Leger, Michel Polak, and Nicolas de Roux

An Inactivating Mutation within the First Extracellular Loop of the Thyrotropin Receptor Impedes Normal Posttranslational Maturation of the Extracellular Domain
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1043-1050, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1145 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Functional characterization of a novel inactivating TSH receptor mutation, Q489H, shows that it is expressed as an immature protein at the cell surface and that although it binds TSH with normal affinity, it is unable to activate adenylate cylase under TSH stimulation.

Alexander Misharin, Martin Hewison, Chun-Rong Chen, Venu Lagishetty, Holly A. Aliesky, Yumiko Mizutori, Basil Rapoport, and Sandra M. McLachlan

Vitamin D Deficiency Modulates Graves’ Hyperthyroidism Induced in BALB/c Mice by Thyrotropin Receptor Immunization
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1051-1060, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1191 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Vitamin D deficiency in BALB/c mice reduces baseline thyroid function and prolongs hyperthyroidism induced by thyrotropin receptor-adenovirus immunization, but surprisingly has only minor effects on immune responses.

Kiyomoto Ogasawara, Haruo Nogami, Mumeko C. Tsuda, Jan-Åke Gustafsson, Kenneth S. Korach, Sonoko Ogawa, Toshio Harigaya, and Setsuji Hisano

Hormonal Regulation of Prolactin Cell Development in the Fetal Pituitary Gland of the Mouse
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1061-1068, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1151 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Prolactin cells differentiate during gestation, but hormone production is suppressed by estrogen-deficiency due to alpha-fetoprotein and the severe reduction of estrogen-sensitivity by endogenous glucocorticoids.

TRANSLATIONAL HIGHLIGHTS FROM JCEM:

Berit Kriström, Anna-Maija Zdunek, Anders Rydh, Håkan Jonsson, Petra Sehlin, and Stefan A. Escher

A Novel Mutation in the LHX3 Gene is Responsible for Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiency, Hearing Impairment, and Vertebral Malformations
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1069 [Full Text] [PDF]  

Michael Boschmann, Stefan Engeli, Kerstin Dobberstein, Petra Budziarek, Anke Strauss, Jana Boehnke, Fred C.G.J. Sweep, Friedrich C. Luft, YanLing He, James E. Foley, and Jens Jordan

Dipeptidyl-Peptidase-IV Inhibition Augments Postprandial Lipid Mobilization and Oxidation in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1069 [Full Text] [PDF]  

G. Binder, S. Weber, M. Ehrismann, N. Zaiser, C. Meisner, M. B. Ranke, L. Maier, S. A. Wudy, M. F. Hartmann, U. Heinrich, M. Bettendorf, H. G. Doerr, R. W. Pfaeffle, E. Keller the South German Working Group for Pediatric Endocrinology

Effects of Dehydroepiandrosterone Therapy on Pubic Hair Growth and Psychological Well-Being in Adolescent Girls and Young Women with Central Adrenal Insufficiency: A Double-Blind, Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Phase III Trial
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1070 [Full Text] [PDF]  

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Erratum
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1071 [Full Text] [PDF]  

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