NEWS AND VIEWS:

Pierre Deviche

Reproductive Physiology: Songbird Study Removes Long-Standing Neuroendocrinology Research Roadblock
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1561-1562, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1818 [Full Text] [PDF]  

Ellis R. Levin

G Protein-Coupled Receptor 30: Estrogen Receptor or Collaborator?
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1563-1565, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1759 [Full Text] [PDF]  

Robert L. Sorenson and Todd C. Brelje

Prolactin Receptors Are Critical to the Adaptation of Islets to Pregnancy
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1566-1569, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1710 [Full Text] [PDF]  

CALCIUM - REGULATING HORMONES:

David E. Komatsu, Kellie A. Brune, Hong Liu, Allen L. Schmidt, Bomie Han, Qing Q. Zeng, Xuhao Yang, Jairo S. Nunes, Yuefeng Lu, Andrew G. Geiser, Yanfei L. Ma, Jeffrey A. Wolos, Michael S. Westmore, and Masahiko Sato

Longitudinal in Vivo Analysis of the Region-Specific Efficacy of Parathyroid Hormone in a Rat Cortical Defect Model
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1570-1579, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0814 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Parathyroid hormone treatment of rat cortical defects induces kinetic, region-specific new bone formation and enhances healing, but only at higher doses with uncertain clinical relevance.

Peter J. Malloy, Lihong Peng, Jining Wang, and David Feldman

Interaction of the Vitamin D Receptor with a Vitamin D Response Element in the Müllerian-Inhibiting Substance (MIS) Promoter: Regulation of MIS Expression by Calcitriol in Prostate Cancer Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1580-1587, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1555 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
A vitamin D response element in the Müllerian-inhibiting substance promoter binds the vitamin D receptor and confers responsiveness to calcitriol in prostate cancer cells.

CANCER - ONCOGENES:

Sudipan Karmakar, Estrella A. Foster, and Carolyn L. Smith

Unique Roles of p160 Coactivators for Regulation of Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Estrogen Receptor- Transcriptional Activity
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1588-1596, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1001 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The p160 family of coactivators plays gene-specific roles in regulating mRNA and protein expression in breast cancer cells.

Feng Fang, Michael A. Rycyzyn, and Charles V. Clevenger

Role of c-Myb during Prolactin-Induced Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5a Signaling in Breast Cancer Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1597-1606, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1079 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
c-Myb inducibly associates with Stat5 and Stat5-responsive promoters, while alteration of c-Myb levels results in altered Stat5-responsive gene expression and breast cancer proliferation.

Jiacong You, Da Mi, Xiaolei Zhou, Ling Qiao, Hang Zhang, Xiaodong Zhang, and Lihong Ye

A Positive Feedback between Activated Extracellularly Regulated Kinase and Cyclooxygenase/Lipoxygenase Maintains Proliferation and Migration of Breast Cancer Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1607-1617, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0616 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Mechanistic insights are given into possible endogenous metastatic signaling pathways involved in maintaining proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells.

DIABETES - INSULIN - GLUCAGON - GASTROINTESTINAL:

Carol Huang, Frances Snider, and James C. Cross

Prolactin Receptor Is Required for Normal Glucose Homeostasis and Modulation of β-Cell Mass during Pregnancy
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1618-1626, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1003 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Prolactin receptor is required to maintain normal glucose homeostasis during pregnancy, mostly by enhancing β-cell proliferation and β-cell mass with minimal effects on apoptosis.

Marta Szabat, Dan S. Luciani, James M. Piret, and James D. Johnson

Maturation of Adult β-Cells Revealed Using a Pdx1/Insulin Dual-Reporter Lentivirus
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1627-1635, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1224 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Adult β-cells pass through immature and mature life stages.

Padma Bhonagiri, Guruprasad R. Pattar, Emily M. Horvath, Kirk M. Habegger, Alicia M. McCarthy, and Jeffrey S. Elmendorf

Hexosamine Biosynthesis Pathway Flux Contributes to Insulin Resistance via Altering Membrane Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate and Cortical Filamentous Actin
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1636-1645, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1102 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Hyperinsulinemia promotes insulin resistance via hexosamine-induced derangements in a key lipid membrane/actin cytoskeletal process, important for regulation of the GLUT4-mediated glucose transport system.

Magnus Johansson, Johan Olerud, Leif Jansson, and Per-Ola Carlsson

Prolactin Treatment Improves Engraftment and Function of Transplanted Pancreatic Islets
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1646-1653, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1318 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Vascular engraftment and function of experimentally transplanted mouse and human islets were improved by prolactin treatment.

Motoyuki Kondo, Hiroshi Maegawa, Toshiyuki Obata, Satoshi Ugi, Kazuhiro Ikeda, Katsutaro Morino, Yukie Nakai, Yoshihiko Nishio, Shiro Maeda, and Atsunori Kashiwagi

Transcription Factor Activating Protein-2β: A Positive Regulator of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Gene Expression
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1654-1661, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1361 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Transcriptional factor AP-2β up-regulates the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 gene through its specific binding to the promoter region in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Tsutomu Wada, Satoshi Ohshima, Eriko Fujisawa, Daisuke Koya, Hiroshi Tsuneki, and Toshiyasu Sasaoka

Aldosterone Inhibits Insulin-Induced Glucose Uptake by Degradation of Insulin Receptor Substrate (IRS) 1 and IRS2 via a Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Pathway in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1662-1669, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1018 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Aldosterone appears to be a key factor in the development of insulin resistance in visceral obesity.

Michael M. Swarbrick, Peter J. Havel, Arthur A. Levin, Andrew A. Bremer, Kimber L. Stanhope, Madeline Butler, Sheri L. Booten, James L. Graham, Robert A. McKay, Susan F. Murray, Lynnetta M. Watts, Brett P. Monia, and Sanjay Bhanot

Inhibition of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-1B with Antisense Oligonucleotides Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Increases Adiponectin Concentrations in Monkeys
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1670-1679, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0885 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Treatment of obese, insulin-resistant monkeys with an antisense oligonucleotide directed against PTP-1B improved insulin sensitivity and increased plasma concentrations of adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived insulin-sensitizing hormone.

ENERGY BALANCE - OBESITY:

Diana L. Williams, Denis G. Baskin, and Michael W. Schwartz

Evidence that Intestinal Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Plays a Physiological Role in Satiety
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1680-1687, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1045 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Peripheral blockade of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors increases spontaneous food intake and attenuates nutrient preload-induced feeding suppression, suggesting that endogenously released GLP-1 is a physiological satiety signal.

Qi Ding, Tomas Mracek, Pedro Gonzalez-Muniesa, Katarina Kos, John Wilding, Paul Trayhurn, and Chen Bing

Identification of Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine-1 in Adipose Tissue and Its Secretion as an Adipokine by Human Adipocytes
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1688-1696, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0952 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 is an adipokine that may have a paracrine role in modulating adipose tissue function and body fat mass.

Isabelle Gerin, Gwendolyn W. Louis, Xuan Zhang, Tyler C. Prestwich, T. Rajendra Kumar, Martin G. Myers, Jr., Ormond A. MacDougald, and Warren B. Nothnick

Hyperphagia and Obesity in Female Mice Lacking Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1697-1704, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1409 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Timp1-dependent regulation of hypothalamic physiology represents an important determinant of energy balance that directly influences adiposity.

Karolina P. Skibicka and Harvey J. Grill

Hindbrain Leptin Stimulation Induces Anorexia and Hyperthermia Mediated by Hindbrain Melanocortin Receptors
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1705-1711, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1316 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Hindbrain selective leptin stimulation increases temperature and heart rate; the effects are mediated by hindbrain melanocortin receptors and are also observed in leptin-resistant high-fat fed rats.

Maralyn R. Druce, James S. Minnion, Benjamin C. T. Field, Sejal R. Patel, Joyceline C. Shillito, Michael Tilby, Kylie E. L. Beale, Kevin G. Murphy, Mohammad A. Ghatei, and Stephen R. Bloom

Investigation of Structure-Activity Relationships of Oxyntomodulin (Oxm) Using Oxm Analogs
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1712-1722, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0828 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Oxyntomodulin actions are investigated using peptide analogues; receptor binding and degradation are elucidated, aiding development of an enhanced analogue with possible utility in obesity therapy.

GENERAL ENDOCRINOLOGY:

Jörg Isensee, Luca Meoli, Valeria Zazzu, Christoph Nabzdyk, Henning Witt, Dian Soewarto, Karin Effertz, Helmut Fuchs, Valérie Gailus-Durner, Dirk Busch, Thure Adler, Martin Hrabé de Angelis, Markus Irgang, Christiane Otto, and Patricia Ruiz Noppinger

Expression Pattern of G Protein-Coupled Receptor 30 in LacZ Reporter Mice
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1722-1730, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1488 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The identification of Gpr30-positive cell types and a T cell phenotype in Gpr30-deficient mice containing a LacZ reporter are reported.

June Keay and Joseph W. Thornton

Hormone-Activated Estrogen Receptors in Annelid Invertebrates: Implications for Evolution and Endocrine Disruption
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1731-1738, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1338 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The estrogen receptors of annelid invertebrates are activated by estrogens and sensitive to endocrine disrupting chemicals, corroborating the estrogen sensitivity of the ancestral steroid receptor and indicating that the taxonomic scope of endocrine disruption is very broad.

D. Bousquet-Moore, X. M. Ma, E. A. Nillni, T. A. Czyzyk, J. E. Pintar, B. A. Eipper, and R. E. Mains

Reversal of Physiological Deficits Caused by Diminished Levels of Peptidylglycine -Amidating Monooxygenase by Dietary Copper
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1739-1747, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1202 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Thermoregulation and vasoconstriction are deficient in mice with limited peptide amidating monooxygenase, a cuproenzyme; dietary copper reverses both deficits.

GLUCOCORTICOIDS - CRH - ACTH - ADRENAL:

Ann D. Nguyen, C. Jo Corbin, J. Christina Pattison, Ian M. Bird, and Alan J. Conley

The Developmental Increase in Adrenocortical 17,20-Lyase Activity (Biochemical Adrenarche) Is Driven Primarily by Increasing Cytochrome b5 in Neonatal Rhesus Macaques
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1748-1756, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1303 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Neonatal rhesus adrenal development includes a "biochemical adrenarche" marked by an increase in androgen synthetic capacity driven by increased cytochrome b5 in the zona reticularis.

Ronald M. Bonett, Fang Hu, Pia Bagamasbad, and Robert J. Denver

Stressor and Glucocorticoid-Dependent Induction of the Immediate Early Gene Krüppel-Like Factor 9: Implications for Neural Development and Plasticity
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1757-1765, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1441 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Krüppel-like factor 9 expression is induced by stress and may mediate activity and glucocorticoid-dependent actions on brain development and plasticity.

Sam John, Thomas A. Johnson, Myong-Hee Sung, Simon C. Biddie, Saskia Trump, Christine A. Koch-Paiz, Sean R. Davis, Robert Walker, Paul S. Meltzer, and Gordon L. Hager

Kinetic Complexity of the Global Response to Glucocorticoid Receptor Action
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1766-1774, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0863 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Glucocorticoid receptor target genes display a complex kinetic regulation profile wherein many genes are subject to alternate activation and repression phases.

Rosanna Parlato, Christiane Otto, Jan Tuckermann, Stefanie Stotz, Sylvia Kaden, Hermann-Josef Gröne, Klaus Unsicker, and Günther Schütz

Conditional Inactivation of Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene in Dopamine-β-Hydroxylase Cells Impairs Chromaffin Cell Survival
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1775-1781, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1107 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The analysis of mice lacking the glucocorticoid receptor in dopamine-β-hydroxylase-expressing cells shows that glucocorticoids are required for survival and differentiation of chromaffin cells.

GROWTH FACTORS - CYTOKINES:

Fransiscus E. Utama, Thai H. Tran, Amy Ryder, Matthew J. LeBaron, Albert F. Parlow, and Hallgeir Rui

Insensitivity of Human Prolactin Receptors to Nonhuman Prolactins: Relevance for Experimental Modeling of Prolactin Receptor-Expressing Human Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1782-1790, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1057 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Human prolactin receptors are insensitive to nonhuman prolactins.

Gabriela P. Finkielstain, Patricia Forcinito, Julian C. K. Lui, Kevin M. Barnes, Rose Marino, Sami Makaroun, Vina Nguyen, Jacob E. Lazarus, Ola Nilsson, and Jeffrey Baron

An Extensive Genetic Program Occurring during Postnatal Growth in Multiple Tissues
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1791-1800, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0868 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
A complex genetic program occurs in multiple tissues postnatally and involves pathways that regulate cell proliferation, suggesting a role in postnatal somatic growth deceleration.

Fumihito Nishimoto, Masahiro Sakata, Ryoko Minekawa, Yoko Okamoto, Asako Miyake, Aki Isobe, Toshiya Yamamoto, Takashi Takeda, Emi Ishida, Kenjiro Sawada, Ken-ichiro Morishige, and Tadashi Kimura

Metal Transcription Factor-1 Is Involved in Hypoxia-Dependent Regulation of Placenta Growth Factor in Trophoblast-Derived Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1801-1808, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0949 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Hypoxia down-regulates placenta growth factor via decreasing metal transcription factor-1 in trophoblast-derived BeWo cells.

GROWTH HORMONE - SOMATOSTATIN - GRH:

Wendy E. Tymchuk, Brian Beckman, and Robert H. Devlin

Altered Expression of Growth Hormone/Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Axis Hormones in Domesticated Fish
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1809-1816, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0797 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Domestication is associated with genetically based differences in gene expression profiles, particularly IGF-I, in rainbow trout and coho salmon.

NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY:

Michael J. Weiser, T. John Wu, and Robert J. Handa

Estrogen Receptor-β Agonist Diarylpropionitrile: Biological Activities of R- and S-Enantiomers on Behavior and Hormonal Response to Stress
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1817-1825, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1355 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Diarylpropionitrile regulates stress response through S-enantiomer.

T. J. Stevenson, K. S. Lynch, P. Lamba, G. F. Ball, and D. J. Bernard

Cloning of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone I Complementary DNAs in Songbirds Facilitates Dissection of Mechanisms Mediating Seasonal Changes in Reproduction
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1826-1833, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1435 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
These data show cloning and characterization of GNRH1 complementary DNAs in two songbird species, and demonstrate the photoperiodic regulation of GNRH1 mRNA expression in the starling brain.

Greg M. Anderson, Hana-Lee Relf, Mohammed Z. Rizwan, and John J. Evans

Central and Peripheral Effects of RFamide-Related Peptide-3 on Luteinizing Hormone and Prolactin Secretion in Rats
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1834-1840, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1359 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
RFRP-3 inhibition of the preovulatory LH surge may occur via actions on GnRH neurons and/or their anteroventral periventricular afferents, but not via direct gonadotropic inhibition of LH secretion.

Annegret Blume, Luz Torner, Ying Liu, Sivan Subburaju, Greti Aguilera, and Inga D. Neumann

Prolactin Activates Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling and Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Transcription in Rat Hypothalamic Neurons
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1841-1849, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1023 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Prolactin via ERK/MAP kinase pathway facilitates corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) transcription in CRH neurons, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of prolactin on hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in vivo is indirect.

Camilla Nilsberth, Louise Elander, Namik Hamzic, Maria Norell, Johanna Lönn, Linda Engström, and Anders Blomqvist

The Role of Interleukin-6 in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Fever by Mechanisms Independent of Prostaglandin E₂
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1850-1860, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0806 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
IL-6 is necessary for LPS-induced fever by mechanisms that do not involve prostaglandin E₂ synthesis or downstream signaling of prostaglandin E₂-activated fever-generating neurons.

REPRODUCTION - DEVELOPMENT:

Ryan D'Souza, Shilpa Pathak, Rahul Upadhyay, Reshma Gaonkar, Serena D'Souza, Shobha Sonawane, Manjit Gill-Sharma, and Nafisa H. Balasinor

Disruption of Tubulobulbar Complex by High Intratesticular Estrogens Leading to Failed Spermiation
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1861-1869, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1232 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
High intratesticular estrogen inhibits tubulobulbar complex formation, a testis-specific intercellular junction leading to spermiation failure.

Valerie Matagne, Claudio Mastronardi, Robert A. Shapiro, Daniel M. Dorsa, and Sergio R. Ojeda

Hypothalamic Expression of Eap1 Is Not Directly Controlled by Ovarian Steroids
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1870-1878, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0779 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The expression of Eap1, a transcriptional regulator of reproductive function, increases in the hypothalamus at puberty in an ovary-independent manner, suggesting that Eap1 contributes to the centrally originated events that initiate puberty.

Christine K. Ratajczak, Katie L. Boehle, and Louis J. Muglia

Impaired Steroidogenesis and Implantation Failure in Bmal1^–/– Mice
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1879-1885, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1021 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Although ovulation occurs in Bmal1^-/- female mice, they experience implantation failure due to impaired steroidogenesis with accompanying low levels of StAR expression.

Cheng Wang and Shyamal K. Roy

Expression of Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor (BMPR) during Perinatal Ovary Development and Primordial Follicle Formation in the Hamster: Possible Regulation by FSH
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1886-1896, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0900 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Bone-morphogenetic protein (BMP) may play a regulatory role in primordial follicle formation, and FSH may regulate BMP action by modulating the expression of its receptors.

Bryan J. Peano, Judy S. Crabtree, Barry S. Komm, Richard C. Winneker, and Heather A. Harris

Effects of Various Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators with or without Conjugated Estrogens on Mouse Mammary Gland
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1897-1903, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1210 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Of the three selective estrogen receptor modulators tested, bazedoxifene exhibits less agonist and more effective antagonist activity on the mammary gland.

Tu'uhevaha J. Kaitu'u-Lino, David J. Phillips, Naomi B. Morison, and Lois A. Salamonsen

A New Role for Activin in Endometrial Repair after Menses
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1904-1911, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0738 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Activin A contributes functionally to endometrial restoration both in vitro (human cell line) and in vivo (mouse model).

Shan Herath, Sonia T. Lilly, Deborah P. Fischer, Erin J. Williams, Hilary Dobson, Clare E. Bryant, and I. Martin Sheldon

Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Induces an Endocrine Switch from Prostaglandin F₂ to Prostaglandin E₂ in Bovine Endometrium
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1912-1920, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1379 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Bacterial infection of the endometrium increases the steady-state concentrations of prostaglandin E₂ rather than prostaglandin F₂ via changes in the level of a phospholipase enzyme, and this switch in endocrine function is important for regulating immunity as well as ovarian cycles.

Kenichi Inagaki, Fumio Otsuka, Tomoko Miyoshi, Misuzu Yamashita, Mina Takahashi, Junko Goto, Jiro Suzuki, and Hirofumi Makino

p38-Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Stimulated Steroidogenesis in Granulosa Cell-Oocyte Cocultures: Role of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins 2 and 4
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1921-1930, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0851 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Oocytes modulate the signaling interaction between bone morphogenetic protein and MAP kinase pathway in granulosa cells, which is crucial for optimal regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone-induced steroidogenesis in developing follicles.

TECHNICAL COMMUNICATIONS:

Karen A. Spencer, Neil P. Evans, and Patricia Monaghan

Postnatal Stress in Birds: A Novel Model of Glucocorticoid Programming of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1931-1934, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1471 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Post-natal exposure to glucocorticoids has long-term effects on the physiological response to stress in birds.

Jonathan D. Schertzer, Costin N. Antonescu, Philip J. Bilan, Swati Jain, Xudong Huang, Zhi Liu, Arend Bonen, and Amira Klip

A Transgenic Mouse Model to Study Glucose Transporter 4myc Regulation in Skeletal Muscle
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1935-1940, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1372 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
MCK-GLUT4myc mice may used to study metabolic defects pertaining to exercise, insulin action, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes.

Daniel M. Keenan, Sue Alexander, Clifford Irvine, and Johannes D. Veldhuis

Quantifying Nonlinear Interactions within the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in the Conscious Horse
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1941-1951, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1249 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
This report discusses a general model for estimating feed-back and feed-forward in vivo.

THYROID - TRH - TSH:

Lily Ng, Arturo Hernandez, Wenxuan He, Tianying Ren, Maya Srinivas, Michelle Ma, Valerie A. Galton, Donald L. St. Germain, and Douglas Forrest

A Protective Role for Type 3 Deiodinase, a Thyroid Hormone-Inactivating Enzyme, in Cochlear Development and Auditory Function
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1952-1960, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1419 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Development of the auditory system requires thyroid hormone, but the system is protected from premature stimulation by a thyroid hormone-inactivating enzyme, type 3 deiodinase.

S. R. James, J. A. Franklyn, B. J. Reaves, V. E. Smith, S. Y. Chan, T. G. Barrett, M. D. Kilby, and C. J. McCabe

Monocarboxylate Transporter 8 in Neuronal Cell Growth
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1961-1969, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1031 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Monocarboxylate transporter 8 represses cell growth independently of thyroid hormone, an effect abrogated by the L471P mutation.

Risheng Ma, Rauf Latif, and Terry F. Davies

Thyrotropin-Independent Induction of Thyroid Endoderm from Embryonic Stem Cells by Activin A
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1970-1975, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1374 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Embryonic stem cells can be induced by activin A to form primitive thyroid epithelial cells as evidenced by expression of the TSH receptor, the sodium iodide symporter, and the transcription factor PAX-8.

Renata Grozovsky, Scott Ribich, Matthew L. Rosene, Michelle A. Mulcahey, Stephen A. Huang, Mary Elizabeth Patti, Antonio C. Bianco, and Brian W. Kim

Type 2 Deiodinase Expression Is Induced by Peroxisomal Proliferator-Activated Receptor- Agonists in Skeletal Myocytes
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1976-1983, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0938 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The thyroid hormone activating type 2 deiodinase is up-regulated in skeletal myocytes by PPAR- agonists, but is not likely a major source of plasma tri-iodothyronine.

Anita Boelen, Joan Kwakkel, Catharina W. Wieland, Donald L. St. Germain, Eric Fliers, and Arturo Hernandez

Impaired Bacterial Clearance in Type 3 Deiodinase-Deficient Mice Infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1984-1990, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1133 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Type 3 deiodinase appears to play a protective role in the defense against acute bacterial infection, probably by reinforcing the microbial killing capacity of neutrophils

Alexandra G. Ianculescu, Kathleen M. Giacomini, and Thomas S. Scanlan

Identification and Characterization of 3-Iodothyronamine Intracellular Transport
Endocrinology 2009 150: 1991-1999, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1339 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
A large-scale RNAi screen targeting the entire SLC superfamily of transporter genes reveals that the transport of T₁AM into cells involves multiple transporters, and eight transporters that may contribute to the uptake of T₁AM in HeLa cells are identified.

Su He Wang, Gwo-Hsiao Chen, Yongyi Fan, Mary Van Antwerp, and James R. Baker, Jr.

Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand Inhibits Experimental Autoimmune Thyroiditis by the Expansion of CD4⁺CD25⁺ Regulatory T Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 2000-2007, doi:10.1210/en.2008-1389 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
TRAIL can promote antigen-specific Treg cells by expanding their number of Foxp3-rich CD4⁺CD25⁺CD45RB^Low T cells.

Ayako Makino, Jorge Suarez, Hong Wang, Darrell D. Belke, Brian T. Scott, and Wolfgang H. Dillmann

Thyroid Hormone Receptor-β Is Associated with Coronary Angiogenesis during Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy
Endocrinology 2009 150: 2008-2015, doi:10.1210/en.2008-0634 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The loss of small blood vessels in the heart with thickened wall is caused by a reduced number of thyroid receptor.

TRANSLATIONAL HIGHLIGHTS FROM JCEM:

Karen L. Teff, Joanne Grudziak, Raymond R. Townsend, Tamara N. Dunn, Ryan W. Grant, Sean H. Adams, Nancy L. Keim, Bethany P. Cummings, Kimber L. Stanhope, and Peter J. Havel

Endocrine and Metabolic Effects of Consuming Fructose- and Glucose-Sweetened Beverages with Meals in Obese Men and Women: Influence of Insulin Resistance on Plasma Triglyceride Responses
Endocrinology 2009 150: 2016 [Full Text] [PDF]  

N. Ahmad Aziz, Hanno Pijl, Marijke Frölich, A. W. Maurits van der Graaf, Ferdinand Roelfsema, and Raymund A. C. Roos

Increased Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity in Huntington’s Disease
Endocrinology 2009 150: 2016-2017 [Full Text] [PDF]  

Satoshi Narumi, Koji Muroya, Yoichiro Abe, Masato Yasui, Yumi Asakura, Masanori Adachi, and Tomonobu Hasegawa

TSHR Mutations as a Cause of Congenital Hypothyroidism in Japan: A Population-Based Genetic Epidemiology Study
Endocrinology 2009 150: 2017 [Full Text] [PDF]  

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Erratum
Endocrinology 2009 150: 2018 [Full Text] [PDF]  

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