NEWS AND VIEWS:

Helen E. MacLean and David J. Handelsman

Unraveling Androgen Action in Muscle: Genetic Tools Probing Cellular Mechanisms
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3437-3439 doi:10.1210/en.2009-0438 [Full Text] [PDF]  

James I. Koenig

Corticotropin-Releasing Factor, Serotonin, and Sex: Keys to the Castle of Depressive Illness
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3440-3442 doi:10.1210/en.2009-0536 [Full Text] [PDF]  

Jameel Iqbal and Mone Zaidi

Understanding Estrogen Action during Menopause
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3443-3445 doi:10.1210/en.2009-0449 [Full Text] [PDF]  

Vance L. Trudeau

Really Old Hormones Up to New Tricks: Glycoprotein Hormone Subunits May Have Roles in Development
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3446-3447 doi:10.1210/en.2009-0465 [Full Text] [PDF]  

CALCIUM-REGULATING HORMONES:

Lee A. Zella, Mark B. Meyer, Robert D. Nerenz, and J. Wesley Pike

The Enhanced Hypercalcemic Response to 20-Epi-1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃ Results from a Selective and Prolonged Induction of Intestinal Calcium-Regulating Genes
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3448-3456 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0113 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The superagonist activity of 20-epi-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ in vivo is not due to increased potency but rather to its prolonged biological actions in the intestine.

DIABETES-INSULIN-GLUCAGON-GASTROINTESTINAL:

Mohan R. Dasu, Samuel Park, Sridevi Devaraj, and Ishwarlal Jialal

Pioglitazone Inhibits Toll-Like Receptor Expression and Activity in Human Monocytes and db/db Mice
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3457-3464 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1757 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Pioglitazone treatment of human monocytes and db/db mice ameliorates ligand-induced TLR2 and TLR4 expression and functional activation and may impact CVD associated with T2D.

Julien Lamontagne, Émilie Pepin, Marie-Line Peyot, Érik Joly, Neil B. Ruderman, Vincent Poitout, S. R. Murthy Madiraju, Christopher J. Nolan, and Marc Prentki

Pioglitazone Acutely Reduces Insulin Secretion and Causes Metabolic Deceleration of the Pancreatic β-Cell at Submaximal Glucose Concentrations
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3465-3474 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1557 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Pioglitazone causes a right shift in β-cell metabolic activation by glucose, which results in reduced glucose-induced insulin secretion at intermediate range glucose concentrations: implications for β-cell preservation in type 2 diabetes.

Guolian Li, Eugene J. Barrett, Seung-Hyun Ko, Wenhong Cao, and Zhenqi Liu

Insulin and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Receptors Differentially Mediate Insulin-Stimulated Adhesion Molecule Production by Endothelial Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3475-3482 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0172 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Insulin at pharmacological concentrations directly stimulates the production of adhesion molecules from the endothelial cells (EC) and the adhesion of monocytes to the EC, and both insulin and IGF-I receptors are involved in mediating these processes.

Adam S. Sirek, Ling Liu, Mark Naples, Khosrow Adeli, Dominic S. Ng, and Tianru Jin

Insulin Stimulates the Expression of Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein (ChREBP) by Attenuating the Repressive Effect of Pit-1, Oct-1/Oct-2, and Unc-86 Homeodomain Protein Octamer Transcription Factor-1
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3483-3492 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1702 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
ChREBP transcriptional expression is negatively regulated by the POU protein transcription factor Oct-1, while insulin stimulates ChREBP expression by attenuating the repressive effect of Oct-1

Elena González-Muñoz, Carmen López-Iglesias, Maria Calvo, Manuel Palacín, Antonio Zorzano, and Marta Camps

Caveolin-1 Loss of Function Accelerates Glucose Transporter 4 and Insulin Receptor Degradation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3493-3502 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1520 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Caveolin-1 deficiency in adipocytes has a direct effect on the expression of IR and GLUT4 proteins, independently of insulin levels, demonstrating a main role of caveolin-1 in controlling expression of proteins crucial in states of insulin resistance and obesity.

Elaine Xu, Marie-Julie Dubois, Nelly Leung, Alexandre Charbonneau, Claire Turbide, Rita Kohen Avramoglu, Luisa DeMarte, Mounib Elchebly, Thomas Streichert, Emile Lévy, Nicole Beauchemin, and André Marette

Targeted Disruption of Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 Promotes Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis and Insulin Resistance
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3503-3512 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1439 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
CEACAM1 is a key regulator of hepatic lipogenesis, and its targeted disruption in mice predisposes to liver steatosis and insulin resistance, particularly when chronically exposed to dietary fat.

ENERGY BALANCE - OBESITY:

Michael Patterson, Kevin G. Murphy, Sejal R. Patel, Neekhil A. Patel, Hannah C. Greenwood, Jenny H. Cooke, Daniel Campbell, Gavin A. Bewick, Mohammad A. Ghatei, and Stephen R. Bloom

Hypothalamic Injection of Oxyntomodulin Suppresses Circulating Ghrelin-Like Immunoreactivity
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3513-3520 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-0796 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The anorectic gut hormone oxyntomodulin suppresses circulating levels of the orexigenic gastric hormone ghrelin via hypothalamic GLP-1 receptors.

Liunan Li, Joseph J. Shen, Juan C. Bournat, Lihua Huang, Abanti Chattopadhyay, Zhihong Li, Chad Shaw, Brett H. Graham, and Chester W. Brown

Activin Signaling: Effects on Body Composition and Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3521-3529 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-0922 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Activin signaling affects body fat and mitochondrial function.

Bee K. Tan, Jing Chen, James Brown, Raghu Adya, Manjunath Ramanjaneya, Vinod Menon, Clifford J. Bailey, Hendrik Lehnert, and Harpal S. Randeva

In Vivo and ex Vivo Regulation of Visfatin Production by Leptin in Human and Murine Adipose Tissue: Role of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Signaling Pathways
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3530-3539 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1655 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Leptin, a satiety factor, increases the production of visfatin, an important protein that regulates cellular function and survival.

GENERAL ENDOCRINOLOGY:

Feng-Tao Shi, Anthony P. Cheung, and Peter C. K. Leung

Growth Differentiation Factor 9 Enhances Activin A-Induced Inhibin B Production in Human Granulosa Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3540-3546 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0267 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) enhances cell response to activin A by modulating key components of the activin signaling pathway in regulating inhibin subunits, and hence, inhibin B production in human granulosa-lutein cells.

Nilima Biswas, Juan L. Rodriguez-Flores, Maite Courel, Jiaur R. Gayen, Sucheta M. Vaingankar, Manjula Mahata, Justin W. Torpey, Laurent Taupenot, Daniel T. O'Connor, and Sushil K. Mahata

Cathepsin L Colocalizes with Chromogranin A in Chromaffin Vesicles to Generate Active Peptides
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3547-3557 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1613 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Chromogranin A protein can be a substrate for the cysteine protease Cathepsin L both in vitro and in cella, and their co-localization within chromaffin granules in cella suggests the likelihood of an enzyme/substrate relationship in vivo.

Jill Ophoff, Karen Van Proeyen, Filip Callewaert, Karel De Gendt, Katrien De Bock, An Vanden Bosch, Guido Verhoeven, Peter Hespel, and Dirk Vanderschueren

Androgen Signaling in Myocytes Contributes to the Maintenance of Muscle Mass and Fiber Type Regulation But Not to Muscle Strength or Fatigue
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3558-3566 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1509 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Myocyte-specific androgen receptor ablation lowers muscle mass and alters fiber type distribution, while muscle strength and fatigue are not affected.

Cumhur Aydin, Nurgul Aytan, Mathew J. Mahon, Hesham A. W. Tawfeek, Neil W. Kowall, Alpaslan Dedeoglu, and Murat Bastepe

Extralarge XLs (XXLs), a Variant of Stimulatory G Protein -Subunit (Gs), Is a Distinct, Membrane-Anchored GNAS Product that Can Mimic Gs
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3567-3575 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0318 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Representing a distinct product of the GNAS locus, XXLs can mimic Gs with respect to cAMP generation, but unlike the constitutively active form of the latter, constitutively active XXLs is associated predominantly with the plasma membrane.

GROWTH FACTORS - CYTOKINES:

Jayoung Kim, Yutaka Yanagihara, Tadahiko Kikugawa, Mihee Ji, Nozomu Tanji, Yokoyama Masayoshi, and Michael R. Freeman

A Signaling Network in Phenylephrine-Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3576-3583 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1782 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
A novel signal transduction network, revealed from studies of -adrenergic receptor-mediated benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in the rat, identifies the apoptosis-related protein, clusterin, and the TGF-β pathway as likely signaling mediators of histomorphologic changes in the prostatic epithelium.

Cristina Procopio, Francesco Andreozzi, Emanuela Laratta, Angela Cassese, Francesco Beguinot, Franco Arturi, Marta Letizia Hribal, Francesco Perticone, and Giorgio Sesti

Leptin-Stimulated Endothelial Nitric-Oxide Synthase via an Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase/Akt Signaling Pathway Is Attenuated by Interaction with C-Reactive Protein
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3584-3593 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-0921 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The data suggest a molecular mechanism linking leptin-resistance, low grade inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction.

Antonella Sacco, Alaide Morcavallo, Giuseppe Pandini, Riccardo Vigneri, and Antonino Belfiore

Differential Signaling Activation by Insulin and Insulin-Like Growth Factors I and II upon Binding to Insulin Receptor Isoform A
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3594-3602 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0377 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The unexpected findings indicate that, besides IGF-II, IGF-I can induce significant downstream signaling via IR-A in spite of low-affinity binding and minimal IR-A autophosphorylation.

Garry A. Williams, Yu Wang, Karen E. Callon, Maureen Watson, Jian-ming Lin, Janice B. B. Lam, Jessica L. Costa, Ajay Orpe, Neil Broom, Dorit Naot, Ian R. Reid, and Jillian Cornish

In Vitro and in Vivo Effects of Adiponectin on Bone
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3603-3610 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1639 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The adipocyte-derived hormone, adiponectin, modulates growth of both osteoblasts and osteoclasts in vitro, and in the adiponectin-knockout mouse, bone mass is increased.

Anne M. Rowzee, Dale L. Ludwig, and Teresa L. Wood

Insulin-Like Growth Factor Type 1 Receptor and Insulin Receptor Isoform Expression and Signaling in Mammary Epithelial Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3611-3619 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1473 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
IGF-1R expression is lower than either insulin receptor (IR)-A or IR-B in virgin mouse mammary epithelial cells, but more active in response to ligand stimulation.

GROWTH HORMONE - SOMATOSTATIN - GRH:

Yu Chen, Sumita Sood, Vidya M. R. Krishnamurthy, Peter Rotwein, and Ralph Rabkin

Endotoxin-Induced Growth Hormone Resistance in Skeletal Muscle
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3620-3626 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1703 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Skeletal muscle resistance to GH-stimulated IGF-1 expression in acute endotoxemia arises from a defect in STAT5b signaling with a proportionate reduction in binding of STAT5b to DNA.

Evelien F. Gevers, Matthew J. Hannah, Michael J. Waters, and Iain C. A. F. Robinson

Regulation of Rapid Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-5 Phosphorylation in the Resting Cells of the Growth Plate and in the Liver by Growth Hormone and Feeding
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3627-3636 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-0985 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
With 10 minutes of an in vivo GH-injection in mice, the GH-responsive JAK2-STAT5 signaling pathway is activated specifically in the most immature chondrocytes of the growth plate, suggesting that GH acts directly on the growth plate.

Geyang Xu, Yin Li, Wenjiao An, Shenduo Li, Youfei Guan, Nanping Wang, Chaoshu Tang, Xian Wang, Yi Zhu, Xiaoying Li, Michael W. Mulholland, and Weizhen Zhang

Gastric Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Regulates Ghrelin Production and Food Intake
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3637-3644 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0372 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The mTOR signaling system in gastric endocrine cells functions as a peripheral fuel sensor to alter the expression of ghrelin which, in turn, acts on hypothalamic neurons to regulate food intake.

Yili Chen, Grace Lin, Jeffrey S. Huo, Deborah Barney, Zhenni Wang, Tamara Livshiz, David J. States, Zhaohui S. Qin, and Jessica Schwartz

Computational and Functional Analysis of Growth Hormone (GH)-Regulated Genes Identifies the Transcriptional Repressor B-Cell Lymphoma 6 (Bc16) as a Participant in GH-Regulated Transcription
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3645-3654 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0212 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
An integrative computational strategy and functional studies reveal the transcriptional repressor Bcl6 as a novel participant in GH-regulated gene expression in adipocytes.

NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY:

P. Barrett, M. van den Top, D. Wilson, J. G. Mercer, C. K. Song, T. J. Bartness, P. J. Morgan, and D. Spanswick

Short Photoperiod-Induced Decrease of Histamine H3 Receptors Facilitates Activation of Hypothalamic Neurons in the Siberian Hamster
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3655-3663 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1620 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
For the seasonally responsive hamster, a switch from summer to winter-like photoperiod activates a subpopulation of neurons of the arcuate nucleus, an effect that is attributable to the short-day down-regulation of the histamine H3 receptor in these cells.

Jessica L. Robertson, Donald K. Clifton, Horacio O. de la Iglesia, Robert A. Steiner, and Alexander S. Kauffman

Circadian Regulation of Kiss1 Neurons: Implications for Timing the Preovulatory Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/Luteinizing Hormone Surge
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3664-3671 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0247 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
AVPV Kiss1 neurons, which have been implicated in regulating the preovulatory LH surge, display a circadian pattern of activation that depends on the presence of estradiol.

Hirotaka Sakamoto, Keiko Takanami, Damian G. Zuloaga, Ken-ichi Matsuda, Cynthia L. Jordan, S. Marc Breedlove, and Mitsuhiro Kawata

Androgen Regulates the Sexually Dimorphic Gastrin-Releasing Peptide System in the Lumbar Spinal Cord that Mediates Male Sexual Function
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3672-3679 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1791 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Androgen signaling plays a pivotal role in the regulation of gastrin-releasing peptide expression in male lumbar spinal cord.

P. R. Kramer and L. L. Bellinger

The Effects of Cycling Levels of 17β-Estradiol and Progesterone on the Magnitude of Temporomandibular Joint-Induced Nociception
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3680-3689 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1707 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Cyclic increases in 17β-estradiol attenuate temporomandibular joint nociception.

Kalynn M. Schulz, Julia L. Zehr, Kaliris Y. Salas-Ramirez, and Cheryl L. Sisk

Testosterone Programs Adult Social Behavior before and during, But Not after, Adolescence
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3690-3698 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1708 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Adolescent maturation of social behavior may involve both steroid-independent and steroid-dependent processes; adolescence marks the end of a postnatal period of sensitivity to steroid-dependent organization of the brain.

Genevieve Neal-Perry, Diane Lebesgue, Matthew Lederman, Jun Shu, Gail D. Zeevalk, and Anne M. Etgen

The Excitatory Peptide Kisspeptin Restores the Luteinizing Hormone Surge and Modulates Amino Acid Neurotransmission in the Medial Preoptic Area of Middle-Aged Rats
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3699-3708 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1667 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Middle-aged female rats with impaired LH surges exhibit deficits in estradiol induction of Kiss1 mRNA expression in the anteroventral periventricular region of the hypothalamus, and infusion of kisspeptin into the medial preoptic area rescues LH surge amplitude while decreasing GABA and increasing glutamate release.

Jonathan G. McEuen, Katharine A. Semsar, Maria A. Lim, and Tracy L. Bale

Influence of Sex and Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Pathways as Determinants in Serotonin Sensitivity
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3709-3716 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1721 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
An increased sensitivity to acute selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor administration may be a predictive marker of an underlying vulnerability to disease.

Julie Laroche, Lauren Gasbarro, James P. Herman, and Jeffrey D. Blaustein

Enduring Influences of Peripubertal/Adolescent Stressors on Behavioral Response to Estradiol and Progesterone in Adult Female Mice
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3717-3725 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0099 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Treatment of female mice with the bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide, during the peripubertal/adolescent period decreases behavioral response to estradiol and progesterone in adulthood, suggesting that particular stressors during this period have enduring influences on behavioral response to sex steroid hormones.

RENAL - CARDIAC - VASCULAR:

Andrés Maturana, Sébastien Lenglet, Magaly Python, Shun'Ichi Kuroda, and Michel F. Rossier

Role of the T-Type Calcium Channel Ca_V3.2 in the Chronotropic Action of Corticosteroids in Isolated Rat Ventricular Myocytes
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3726-3734 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1727 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Aldosterone and glucocorticoids induce the expression of a specific calcium channel in cardiac ventricular cells, making them more prone to generate arrhythmias upon oxidative stress.

Rolf Schreckenberg, Sibylle Wenzel, Rui Manuel da Costa Rebelo, Anja Röthig, Rainer Meyer, and Klaus-Dieter Schlüter

Cell-Specific Effects of Nitric Oxide Deficiency on Parathyroid Hormone-Related Peptide (PTHrP) Responsiveness and PTH1 Receptor Expression in Cardiovascular Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3735-3741 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1585 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Chronic NO deficit, a common problem in postmenopausal woman, is responsible for the loss of cardiac but not vascular effects of PTHrP due to a downregulation of the PTH1 receptor.

Xutong Sun, Sanjiv Kumar, Jing Tian, and Stephen M. Black

Estradiol Increases Guanosine 5'-Triphosphate Cyclohydrolase Expression Via the Nitric Oxide-Mediated Activation of Cyclic Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate Response Element Binding Protein
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3742-3752 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1464 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Estradiol stimulates GTP cyclohydrolase I transcription in endothelial cells via a signaling pathway involving NO, cAMP, protein kinase A, and CREB.

Sarah Hoffmann Lindsey, Jonathan A. Cohen, K. Bridget Brosnihan, Patricia E. Gallagher, and Mark C. Chappell

Chronic Treatment with the G Protein-Coupled Receptor 30 Agonist G-1 Decreases Blood Pressure in Ovariectomized mRen2.Lewis Rats
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3753-3758 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1664 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The estrogen receptor GPR30 contributes to the estrogen-dependent regulation of blood pressure in mRen2.Lewis female rats, perhaps by differential regulation of vascular components of the renin-angiotensin system.

Yuhao Li, Yoshihiko Saito, Koichiro Kuwahara, Xianglu Rong, Ichiro Kishimoto, Masaki Harada, Yuichiro Adachi, Michio Nakanishi, Hideyuki Kinoshita, Masatsugu Horiuchi, Michael Murray, and Kazuwa Nakao

Guanylyl Cyclase-A Inhibits Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor-Mediated Pro-Hypertrophic Signaling in the Heart
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3759-3765 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1353 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Guanylyl cyclase-A inhibits AT2-mediated pro-hypertrophic signaling in heart, and that interplay between AT2 and AT1 influence the development of cardiac hypertrophy.

REPRODUCTION - DEVELOPMENT:

Ping Tai, Koji Shiraishi, and Mario Ascoli

Activation of the Lutropin/Choriogonadotropin Receptor Inhibits Apoptosis of Immature Leydig Cells in Primary Culture
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3766-3773 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0207 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Activation of the LHR inhibits apoptosis in immature rat Leydig cells, and this effect is mediated by ERK1/2.

Kazuhiro Kawamura, Nanami Kawamura, Wataru Sato, Jun Fukuda, Jin Kumagai, and Toshinobu Tanaka

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Promotes Implantation and Subsequent Placental Development by Stimulating Trophoblast Cell Growth and Survival
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3774-3782 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0213 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The BDNF/TrkB signaling system is important for implantation, subsequent placental development, and fetal growth by increasing trophoblast cell growth and survival.

Pushpa Viswanathan, Michelle A. Wood, and William H. Walker

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Transiently Blocks FSH Receptor Transcription by Increasing Inhibitor of Deoxyribonucleic Acid Binding/Differentiation-2 and Decreasing Upstream Stimulatory Factor Expression in Rat Sertoli Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3783-3791 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1261 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
FSH stimulation of Sertoli cells transiently decreases the expression of the USF1 transcriptional activator and induces the expression of the ID2 repressor to block USF binding to the Fshr promoter and delay Fshr transcription.

Charlotte Selvais, Héloïse P. Gaide Chevronnay, Pascale Lemoine, Stéphane Dedieu, Patrick Henriet, Pierre J. Courtoy, Etienne Marbaix, and Hervé Emonard

Metalloproteinase-Dependent Shedding of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1 Ectodomain Decreases Endocytic Clearance of Endometrial Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and -9 at Menstruation
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3792-3799 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0015 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Estrogen and progesterone withdrawal at menstruation induces metalloproteinase-dependent shedding of LRP-1 ectodomain in human endometrium, thereby abrogating clearance of gelatinases and promoting extracellular matrix breakdown.

Sun-Gyun Kim, Soo-Jeong Jang, Jaemog Soh, Keesook Lee, Jin-Ki Park, Won-Kyong Chang, Eung-Woo Park, and Sang-Young Chun

Expression of Ectodermal Neural Cortex 1 and Its Association with Actin during the Ovulatory Process in the Rat
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3800-3806 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1587 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
LH/hCG-stimulated ENC1 and F-actin are physically associated in granulosa cells during the ovulation process in the rat.

Pratibhasri A. Vardhana, Martin A. Julius, Susan V. Pollak, Evan G. Lustbader, Rhonda K. Trousdale, and Joyce W. Lustbader

A Unique Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Antagonist Suppresses Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome in Rats
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3807-3814 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0107 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
A unique hCG-Antagonist (hCG-Ant) acts as a LH receptor antagonist in vitro and in vivo, reduces ovulation, vascular permeability, and VEGF expression, while allowing the development of viable oocytes and embryos during ovarian hyperstimulation in rodents.

Sandra Dos Santos, Claire Bardet, Stephanie Bertrand, Hector Escriva, Damien Habert, and Bruno Querat

Distinct Expression Patterns of Glycoprotein Hormone-2 and -β5 in a Basal Chordate Suggest Independent Developmental Functions
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3815-3822 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1743 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The evolutionary precursors of the vertebrate glycoprotein hormone subunits are differentially expressed in the embryo and larvae of a basal chordate, the amphioxus, suggesting independent developmental functions.

Agnieszka Waclawik, Henry N. Jabbour, Agnieszka Blitek, and Adam J. Ziecik

Estradiol-17β, Prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), and the PGE₂ Receptor Are Involved in PGE₂ Positive Feedback Loop in the Porcine Endometrium
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3823-3832 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1499 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Estradiol-17β, prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) and the PTGER2 are involved in PGE₂-positive feedback loop in the porcine endometrium.

Nicole Sleiter, Yefei Pang, Cheryl Park, Teresa H. Horton, Jing Dong, Peter Thomas, and Jon E. Levine

Progesterone Receptor A (PR_A) and PR_B-Independent Effects of Progesterone on Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Release
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3833-3844 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-0774 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Progesterone suppresses GnRH release through a mechanism that is independent of nuclear progesterone receptor activation but may in part be mediated by membrane progesterone receptors

Nataki C. Douglas, Hongyan Tang, Raul Gomez, Bronislaw Pytowski, Daniel J. Hicklin, Christopher M. Sauer, Jan Kitajewski, Mark V. Sauer, and Ralf C. Zimmermann

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) Functions to Promote Uterine Decidual Angiogenesis during Early Pregnancy in the Mouse
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3845-3854 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1207 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The VEGF/VEGFR-2 pathway plays a key role in maintaining early pregnancy in the mouse through its regulation of peri-implantation angiogenesis in the uterine decidua.

Sungeun Lee, Dong-Wook Kang, Susan Hudgins-Spivey, Andree Krust, Eun-Young Lee, Youngbum Koo, Yongpil Cheon, Myung Chan Gye, Pierre Chambon, and CheMyong Ko

Theca-Specific Estrogen Receptor- Knockout Mice Lose Fertility Prematurely
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3855-3862 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1774 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Targeted deletion of Esr1 (ER) gene in the ovarian theca cell resulted in the elevation of serum testosterone level and the premature loss of fertility.

Lusine Aghajanova, Michael C. Velarde, and Linda C. Giudice

The Progesterone Receptor Coactivator Hic-5 Is Involved in the Pathophysiology of Endometriosis
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3863-3870 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0008 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Progesterone resistance in endometrium from women with endometriosis derives, in part, from impaired expression of the progesterone receptor co-activator, Hic-5, in endometrial tissue and cultured endometrial stromal fibroblasts.

Liz Simon, Kerry A. Spiewak, Gail C. Ekman, Jaeyeon Kim, John P. Lydon, Milan K. Bagchi, Indrani C. Bagchi, Francesco J. DeMayo, and Paul S. Cooke

Stromal Progesterone Receptors Mediate Induction of Indian Hedgehog (IHH) in Uterine Epithelium and Its Downstream Targets in Uterine Stroma
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3871-3876 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1691 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Uterine stromal progesterone receptor (PR) is both necessary and sufficient for progesterone-mediated induction of uterine epithelial Indian hedgehog and downstream molecules, while epithelial PR plays no role in this process.

Jennifer A. Rettew, Yvette M. Huet, and Ian Marriott

Estrogens Augment Cell Surface TLR4 Expression on Murine Macrophages and Regulate Sepsis Susceptibility in Vivo
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3877-3884 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0098 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Endogenous estrogens support cell-surface expression of key bacterial endotoxin receptors on primary macrophages while supra-physiological levels of 17β-estradiol can elevate such expression and can increase sepsis susceptibility.

Takashi Yazawa, Yoshihiko Inanoka, Tetsuya Mizutani, Mayu Kuribayashi, Akihiro Umezawa, and Kaoru Miyamoto

Liver Receptor Homolog-1 Regulates the Transcription of Steroidogenic Enzymes and Induces the Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Steroidogenic Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3885-3893 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1310 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
LRH-1, like steroidogenic factor-1-1, is a key regulator of steroidogenic cells and is able to induce their differentiation from stem cells.

Feixue Li, Jing Liu, Eun-Sil Park, Misung Jo, and Thomas E. Curry, Jr.

The B Cell Translocation Gene (BTG) Family in the Rat Ovary: Hormonal Induction, Regulation, and Impact on Cell Cycle Kinetics
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3894-3902 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1650 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The BTG family is induced by hCG and may regulate theca and granulosa cell differentiation into luteal cells by arresting cell cycle progression

Feixue Li and Thomas E. Curry, Jr.

Regulation and Function of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase (TIMP) 1 and TIMP3 in Periovulatory Rat Granulosa Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3903-3912 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1141 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The hCG-stimulated pathways regulating TIMP1 and TIMP3 expression are elucidated, and reducing TIMP3 expression indicates a role in regulating fatty acid synthesis, steroidogenesis, and protein turnover.

Don Sharkey, Michael E. Symonds, and Helen Budge

Adipose Tissue Inflammation: Developmental Ontogeny and Consequences of Gestational Nutrient Restriction in Offspring
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3913-3920 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1784 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Adipose tissue inflammation can be altered by the in utero nutritional environment, and this may contribute to the early abnormal glucose/insulin signaling disturbances observed in the metabolic syndrome.

TECHNICAL COMMUNICATIONS:

Kevin S. Jackson, Kari Inoue, David A. Davis, Tyvette S. Hilliard, and Joanna E. Burdette

Three-Dimensional Ovarian Organ Culture as a Tool to Study Normal Ovarian Surface Epithelial Wound Repair
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3921-3926 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1674 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Three-dimensional culture of artificially wounded ovaries in alginate allows for regrowth of normal ovarian surface epithelium.

THYROID - TRH - TSH:

Manuela Alonso, Charles Goodwin, XiaoHui Liao, Tania Ortiga-Carvalho, Danielle S. Machado, Fredric E. Wondisford, Samuel Refetoff, and Roy E. Weiss

In Vivo Interaction of Steroid Receptor Coactivator (SRC)-1 and the Activation Function-2 Domain of the Thyroid Hormone Receptor (TR) β in TRβ E457A Knock-In and SRC-1 Knockout mice
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3927-3934 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0093 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Differential regulation of TSH expression in the absence or presence of TH is due to SRC-1 interaction with different domains on the thyroid hormone receptor.

Robert J. Denver and Keith E. Williamson

Identification of a Thyroid Hormone Response Element in the Mouse Krüppel-Like Factor 9 Gene to Explain Its Postnatal Expression in the Brain
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3935-3943 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0050 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Krüppel-like factor 9, a zinc-finger domain transcription factor that acts as an intermediary for thyroid hormone action in brain development, is directly regulated by thyroid hormone receptor in mouse brain.

Alexander V. Misharin, Yuji Nagayama, Holly A. Aliesky, Yumiko Mizutori, Basil Rapoport, and Sandra M. McLachlan

Attenuation of Induced Hyperthyroidism in Mice by Pretreatment with Thyrotropin Receptor Protein: Deviation of Thyroid-Stimulating to Nonfunctional Antibodies
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3944-3952 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0181 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Pretreatment with eukaryotic (not prokaryotic) TSHR A-subunit attenuates Graves’ disease induced in mice using A-subunit adenovirus by deviating responses away from pathogenic thyroid-stimulating antibodies towards nonfunctional antibodies.

Bienvenida Martinez, Tiago B. Rodrigues, Elena Gine, John P. Kaninda, Ana Perez-Castillo, and Angel Santos

Hypothyroidism Decreases the Biogenesis in Free Mitochondria and Neuronal Oxygen Consumption in the Cerebral Cortex of Developing Rats
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3953-3959 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1755 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Hypothyroid neonatal rats present a diminished neuronal oxygen consumption, which probably reflects a decrease in free mitochondrial biogenesis, while there are no changes in synaptosomal mitochondrial function.

TRANSLATIONAL HIGHLIGHTS FROM JCEM:

W. Edward Visser, Karen A. Heemstra, Sigrid M. A. Swagemakers, Zeliha Özgür, Eleonora P. Corssmit, Jacobus Burggraaf, Wilfred F. J. van Ijcken, Peter J. van der Spek, Johannes W. A. Smit, and Theo J. Visser

Physiological Thyroid Hormone Levels Regulate Numerous Skeletal Muscle Transcripts
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3960-3961 [Full Text] [PDF]  

Dimitra A. Vassiliadi, Thomas M. Barber, Beverly A. Hughes, Mark I. McCarthy, John A. H. Wass, Stephen Franks, Peter Nightingale, Jeremy W. Tomlinson, Wiebke Arlt, and Paul M. Stewart

Increased 5-Reductase Activity and Adrenocortical Drive in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3960-a [Full Text] [PDF]  

Anne-Marie Aas, Kristian F. Hanssen, Jens Petter Berg, Per M. Thorsby, and Kåre I. Birkeland

Insulin-Stimulated Increase in Serum Leptin Levels Precedes and Correlates with Weight Gain during Insulin Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3961 [Full Text] [PDF]  

THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY:

The Endocrine Society Laureate Awards
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3962-3963 [Full Text] [PDF]  

THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY 2009 LAUREATE AWARDS
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3964-3975 [Full Text] [PDF]  

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